महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-106, verse-54

स वैकल्यं महत्प्राप्य छिन्नधन्वा शरार्दितः ।
तथा पुरुषमानी स प्रत्यपायाद्रथान्तरम् ॥५४॥

54. sa vaikalyaṁ mahatprāpya chinnadhanvā śarārditaḥ ,
tathā puruṣamānī sa pratyapāyādrathāntaram.

54. sa vaikalyam mahat prāpya chinnadhanvā śarārditaḥ
tathā puruṣamānī sa pratyapāyāt rathāntaram

54. sa chinnadhanvā śarārditaḥ tathā puruṣamānī
mahat vaikalyam prāpya rathāntaram pratyapāyāt

54. Having suffered great distress, his bow broken and tormented by arrows, he, though considering himself a valiant man, retreated to another chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he

• वैकल्यम् (vaikalyam) - distress, agitation, deficiency

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having undergone

• छिन्नधन्वा (chinnadhanvā) - with a broken bow

• शरार्दितः (śarārditaḥ) - afflicted by arrows, tormented by arrows

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, moreover

• पुरुषमानी (puruṣamānī) - considering oneself a man/hero, proud of one's manliness

• स (sa) - he

• प्रत्यपायात् (pratyapāyāt) - he retreated, he went back

• रथान्तरम् (rathāntaram) - another chariot

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वैकल्यम् (vaikalyam) - distress, agitation, deficiency

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vaikalya

vaikalya - deficiency, weakness, agitation, distress

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having undergone

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from root 'āp' with prefix 'pra' and suffix '-ya'

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

छिन्नधन्वा (chinnadhanvā) - with a broken bow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chinnadhanvan

chinnadhanvan - one whose bow is broken

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chinna+dhanvan)

• chinna – broken, cut, severed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'chid'
  Root: chid (class 7)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (neuter)

शरार्दितः (śarārditaḥ) - afflicted by arrows, tormented by arrows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śarārdita

śarārdita - afflicted by arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+ardita)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ardita – afflicted, tormented, distressed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'ard'
  Root: ard (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, moreover

(indeclinable)

पुरुषमानी (puruṣamānī) - considering oneself a man/hero, proud of one's manliness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣamānin

puruṣamānin - considering oneself a man/hero, self-respecting, proud

From puruṣa + mānin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+mānin)

• puruṣa – man, person, human being, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• mānin – considering oneself (as), proud (of), conceited
  adjective (masculine)
  Agentive suffix '-in' from root 'man'
  Root: man (class 4)

स (sa) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रत्यपायात् (pratyapāyāt) - he retreated, he went back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratyapāyāt

Imperfect tense, third person singular, active voice

Derived from root 'i' (to go) with prefixes 'prati' and 'apa'

Prefixes: prati+apa

Root: i (class 2)

रथान्तरम् (rathāntaram) - another chariot

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rathāntara

rathāntara - another chariot, a different chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ratha+antara)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• antara – other, another, different
  adjective (neuter)