महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-106, verse-53

ते जग्मुर्धरणीं सर्वे कर्णं निर्भिद्य मारिष ।
यथा हि जलदं भित्त्वा राजन्सूर्यस्य रश्मयः ॥५३॥

53. te jagmurdharaṇīṁ sarve karṇaṁ nirbhidya māriṣa ,
yathā hi jaladaṁ bhittvā rājansūryasya raśmayaḥ.

53. te jagmuḥ dharaṇīm sarve karṇam nirbhidya māriṣa
yathā hi jaladam bhittvā rājan sūryasya raśmayaḥ

53. māriṣa rājan! yathā hi sūryasya raśmayaḥ jaladam bhittvā (gacchanti),
(tathā) te sarve (śarāḥ) karṇam nirbhidya dharaṇīm jagmuḥ

53. O respected one (Māriṣa), O king (Rājan), just as the sun's rays pierce a cloud, so all those arrows, having pierced Karna, went into the earth.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those (arrows, implied from previous verse) (they, those)

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - went

• धरणीम् (dharaṇīm) - earth, ground

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (those arrows) (all, every)

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

• निर्भिद्य (nirbhidya) - having pierced, having split

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one (an address, usually to a superior, here likely Dhritarashtra) (O respected one, O venerable one)

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• जलदम् (jaladam) - cloud, water-giver

• भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having pierced, having split

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (an address, likely to Dhritarashtra) (O king)

• सूर्यस्य (sūryasya) - of the sun

• रश्मयः (raśmayaḥ) - rays, beams

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those (arrows, implied from previous verse) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the arrows.

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - went

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Tense

reduplicated perfect, 3rd person plural, Parasmaipada

Root: gam (class 1)

धरणीम् (dharaṇīm) - earth, ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dharaṇī

dharaṇī - earth, ground

सर्वे (sarve) - all (those arrows) (all, every)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'te' (those arrows).

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (name of a warrior); ear

निर्भिद्य (nirbhidya) - having pierced, having split

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root bhid (to split, pierce) with upasarga nir, and suffix -ya (after upasarga)

Prefix: nir

Root: bhid (class 7)

मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one (an address, usually to a superior, here likely Dhritarashtra) (O respected one, O venerable one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - respected one, venerable one, sir

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

जलदम् (jaladam) - cloud, water-giver

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jalada

jalada - cloud (lit. water-giver)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (jala+da)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, bestowing (suffix from root dā)
  adjective
  Krit suffix
  Derived from root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having pierced, having split

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root bhid (to split, pierce) with suffix -tvā

Root: bhid (class 7)

राजन् (rājan) - O king (an address, likely to Dhritarashtra) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

सूर्यस्य (sūryasya) - of the sun

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - sun, sun god

रश्मयः (raśmayaḥ) - rays, beams

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of raśmi

raśmi - ray, beam, rope, rein

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