महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-106, verse-16

यथा तयोर्युद्धमभूद्यश्चासीद्विजयी तयोः ।
तन्ममाचक्ष्व तत्त्वेन कुशलो ह्यसि संजय ॥१६॥

16. yathā tayoryuddhamabhūdyaścāsīdvijayī tayoḥ ,
tanmamācakṣva tattvena kuśalo hyasi saṁjaya.

16. yathā tayoḥ yuddham abhūt yaḥ ca āsīt vijayī tayoḥ
tat mama ācakṣva tattvena kuśalaḥ hi asi saṃjaya

16. saṃjaya kuśalaḥ hi asi yathā tayoḥ yuddham abhūt
ca yaḥ vijayī tayoḥ āsīt tat tattvena mama ācakṣva

16. O Saṃjaya, you are indeed skilled; relate to me truthfully how the battle between those two happened and who among them was victorious.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, just as

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - Bhima and Karna (of those two, between those two)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

• अभूत् (abhūt) - was, happened

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• च (ca) - and, also

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• विजयी (vijayī) - victorious, triumphant

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - Bhima and Karna (of those two, among them)

• तत् (tat) - that

• मम (mama) - to me, my

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, relate

• तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly, really, according to truth

• कुशलः (kuśalaḥ) - skilled, expert, auspicious

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• असि (asi) - you are

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya (name)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - how, as, just as

(indeclinable)

तयोः (tayoḥ) - Bhima and Karna (of those two, between those two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhima and Karna

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yudh' (to fight), nominalized

Root: yudh (class 4)

अभूत् (abhūt) - was, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist

Root 'bhū' (1P), Aorist, 3rd person singular active

Root: bhū (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect

Root 'as' (2P), Imperfect, 3rd person singular active

Root: as (class 2)

विजयी (vijayī) - victorious, triumphant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vijayin

vijayin - victorious, conqueror, triumphant

Derived from 'vijaya' (victory) with possessive suffix '-in'

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

तयोः (tayoḥ) - Bhima and Karna (of those two, among them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhima and Karna

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the entire preceding statement about the battle.

मम (mama) - to me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Functions with a dative sense here ('tell to me')

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, relate

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of cakṣ

Imperative

Root 'cakṣ' (2A), Imperative, 2nd person singular middle, with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly, really, according to truth

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - truth, reality, principle, essence

From 'tat' (that) + 'tva' (abstract suffix)

Note: Often used adverbially

कुशलः (kuśalaḥ) - skilled, expert, auspicious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuśala

kuśala - skilled, clever, expert, well-being, auspicious

Note: Refers to Saṃjaya

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present

Root 'as' (2P), Present, 2nd person singular active

Root: as (class 2)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya (name)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (Duryodhana's charioteer and narrator of Mahabharata)

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)