महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-185, verse-52

तपसा महता युक्तः सोऽथ स्रष्टुं प्रचक्रमे ।
सर्वाः प्रजा मनुः साक्षाद्यथावद्भरतर्षभ ॥५२॥

52. tapasā mahatā yuktaḥ so'tha sraṣṭuṁ pracakrame ,
sarvāḥ prajā manuḥ sākṣādyathāvadbharatarṣabha.

52. tapasā mahatā yuktaḥ saḥ atha sraṣṭum pracakrame
sarvāḥ prajāḥ manuḥ sākṣāt yathāvat bharatarṣabha

52. Equipped with great austerities (tapas), he then began to create. O best of Bharatas, Manu himself directly created all beings (prajā) as they should be.

Words meanings summery:

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, with penance

• महता (mahatā) - by great, with great

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - equipped with (austerities) (joined, endowed, engaged, equipped)

• सः (saḥ) - Manu (referring to the subject of the previous verse) (he, that)

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• स्रष्टुम् (sraṣṭum) - to create, in order to create

• प्रचक्रमे (pracakrame) - he began (to create) (began, undertook)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, entire

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - living beings, creation (creatures, beings, progeny)

• मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu

• साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - directly, in person, visibly

• यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, correctly, as it should be

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressed to an audience or interlocutor (O best of Bharatas (epithet for kings/heroes))

Words meanings and morphology

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, with penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, religious devotion

Root: tap (class 1)

महता (mahatā) - by great, with great

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, noble

present active participle

From root mah (to be great) or a primary derivative

Note: Agrees with tapasā.

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - equipped with (austerities) (joined, endowed, engaged, equipped)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, yoked, connected, endowed with, intent on, proper

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj (to join, to yoke) + kta suffix

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with saḥ (Manu).

सः (saḥ) - Manu (referring to the subject of the previous verse) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

स्रष्टुम् (sraṣṭum) - to create, in order to create

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root sṛj (to create) + tumun suffix

Root: sṛj (class 6)

प्रचक्रमे (pracakrame) - he began (to create) (began, undertook)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (lit) of kram

Prefix: pra

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: A perfect form of pra-kram.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, entire

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with prajāḥ.

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - living beings, creation (creatures, beings, progeny)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - creatures, progeny, subjects, people

From pra- + root jan (to be born)

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manu

manu - Manu (a primordial man, progenitor of humanity, lawgiver)

साक्षात् (sākṣāt) - directly, in person, visibly

(indeclinable)

यथावत् (yathāvat) - properly, correctly, as it should be

(indeclinable)

From yathā + vat suffix

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressed to an audience or interlocutor (O best of Bharatas (epithet for kings/heroes))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, chief among Bharatas

Compound: Bharata (name of a tribe/dynasty) + ṛṣabha (bull, best).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king, a warrior
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: A form of address.