महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-185, verse-43

एवं बहून्वर्षगणांस्तां नावं सोऽथ मत्स्यकः ।
चकर्षातन्द्रितो राजंस्तस्मिन्सलिलसंचये ॥४३॥

43. evaṁ bahūnvarṣagaṇāṁstāṁ nāvaṁ so'tha matsyakaḥ ,
cakarṣātandrito rājaṁstasminsalilasaṁcaye.

43. evam bahūn varṣagaṇān tām nāvam saḥ atha matsyakaḥ
| cakarṣa atandritaḥ rājan tasmin salilasaṃcaye

43. Thus, O King, that tireless little fish pulled that boat through the vast accumulation of water for many years.

43. הו מלך, כך משך הדג את הספינה ההיא שנים רבות בלי לאות, באותו מאגר גדול של מים.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

• वर्षगणान् (varṣagaṇān) - groups of years, years

• ताम् (tām) - that

• नावम् (nāvam) - boat, ship

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• मत्स्यकः (matsyakaḥ) - a little fish, the fish

• चकर्ष (cakarṣa) - pulled, dragged

• अतन्द्रितः (atandritaḥ) - untiring, unwearied, diligent

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

• सलिलसंचये (salilasaṁcaye) - in the accumulation of water, in the deluge/flood

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous, abundant

Note: Declined as a masculine accusative plural, agreeing with varṣagaṇān.

वर्षगणान् (varṣagaṇān) - groups of years, years

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of varṣagaṇa

varṣagaṇa - group of years, period of years

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṣa+gaṇa)

• varṣa – year, rain, rainy season
  noun (neuter)
• gaṇa – group, multitude, troop, collection
  noun (masculine)

Note: Accusative plural, indicating duration of time.

ताम् (tām) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Feminine accusative singular, referring to nāvam (boat).

नावम् (nāvam) - boat, ship

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nau

nau - boat, ship, vessel

Note: Object of the verb cakarṣa.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Subject of the sentence, refers to the fish.

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

मत्स्यकः (matsyakaḥ) - a little fish, the fish

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matsyaka

matsyaka - a little fish

Diminutive form of matsya (fish).

Note: Subject of the sentence, in apposition with saḥ.

चकर्ष (cakarṣa) - pulled, dragged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛṣ

Perfect tense form (liṭ).

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

अतन्द्रितः (atandritaḥ) - untiring, unwearied, diligent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atandrita

atandrita - unwearied, diligent, untiring, active

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √tandr (to be weary) with a- prefix and -ita suffix.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tandrita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• tandrita – wearied, tired, exhausted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √tandr (to be weary).
  Root: tandr (class 1)

Note: Agrees with matsyakaḥ, describing the fish.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: Address to the listener.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Locative singular, agreeing with salilasaṃcaye.

सलिलसंचये (salilasaṁcaye) - in the accumulation of water, in the deluge/flood

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of salilasaṃcaya

salilasaṁcaya - accumulation of water, collection of water, flood, deluge

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (salila+saṃcaya)

• salila – water
  noun (neuter)
• saṃcaya – accumulation, collection, heap, mass
  noun (masculine)
  verbal noun
  Derived from √ci (to collect, heap up) with prefix saṃ-.
  Prefix: saṃ
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Indicates the location where the pulling occurred.

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