महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-185, verse-43

एवं बहून्वर्षगणांस्तां नावं सोऽथ मत्स्यकः ।
चकर्षातन्द्रितो राजंस्तस्मिन्सलिलसंचये ॥४३॥

43. evaṁ bahūnvarṣagaṇāṁstāṁ nāvaṁ so'tha matsyakaḥ ,
cakarṣātandrito rājaṁstasminsalilasaṁcaye.

43. evam bahūn varṣagaṇān tām nāvam saḥ atha matsyakaḥ
| cakarṣa atandritaḥ rājan tasmin salilasaṃcaye

43. Thus, O King, that tireless little fish pulled that boat through the vast accumulation of water for many years.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

• वर्षगणान् (varṣagaṇān) - groups of years, years

• ताम् (tām) - that

• नावम् (nāvam) - boat, ship

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

• मत्स्यकः (matsyakaḥ) - a little fish, the fish

• चकर्ष (cakarṣa) - pulled, dragged

• अतन्द्रितः (atandritaḥ) - untiring, unwearied, diligent

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

• सलिलसंचये (salilasaṁcaye) - in the accumulation of water, in the deluge/flood

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous, abundant

Note: Declined as a masculine accusative plural, agreeing with varṣagaṇān.

वर्षगणान् (varṣagaṇān) - groups of years, years

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of varṣagaṇa

varṣagaṇa - group of years, period of years

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṣa+gaṇa)

• varṣa – year, rain, rainy season
  noun (neuter)
• gaṇa – group, multitude, troop, collection
  noun (masculine)

Note: Accusative plural, indicating duration of time.

ताम् (tām) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Feminine accusative singular, referring to nāvam (boat).

नावम् (nāvam) - boat, ship

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nau

nau - boat, ship, vessel

Note: Object of the verb cakarṣa.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Subject of the sentence, refers to the fish.

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now

(indeclinable)

मत्स्यकः (matsyakaḥ) - a little fish, the fish

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matsyaka

matsyaka - a little fish

Diminutive form of matsya (fish).

Note: Subject of the sentence, in apposition with saḥ.

चकर्ष (cakarṣa) - pulled, dragged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛṣ

Perfect tense form (liṭ).

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

अतन्द्रितः (atandritaḥ) - untiring, unwearied, diligent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atandrita

atandrita - unwearied, diligent, untiring, active

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √tandr (to be weary) with a- prefix and -ita suffix.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tandrita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• tandrita – wearied, tired, exhausted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √tandr (to be weary).
  Root: tandr (class 1)

Note: Agrees with matsyakaḥ, describing the fish.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: Address to the listener.

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Locative singular, agreeing with salilasaṃcaye.

सलिलसंचये (salilasaṁcaye) - in the accumulation of water, in the deluge/flood

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of salilasaṃcaya

salilasaṁcaya - accumulation of water, collection of water, flood, deluge

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (salila+saṃcaya)

• salila – water
  noun (neuter)
• saṃcaya – accumulation, collection, heap, mass
  noun (masculine)
  verbal noun
  Derived from √ci (to collect, heap up) with prefix saṃ-.
  Prefix: saṃ
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Indicates the location where the pulling occurred.