महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-185, verse-28

त्रसानां स्थावराणां च यच्चेङ्गं यच्च नेङ्गति ।
तस्य सर्वस्य संप्राप्तः कालः परमदारुणः ॥२८॥

28. trasānāṁ sthāvarāṇāṁ ca yacceṅgaṁ yacca neṅgati ,
tasya sarvasya saṁprāptaḥ kālaḥ paramadāruṇaḥ.

28. trasānām sthāvarāṇām ca yat ca iṅgam yat ca na
iṅgati tasya sarvasya saṃprāptaḥ kālaḥ paramadāruṇaḥ

28. For both moving and unmoving beings, for all that which moves and all that which does not move, the exceedingly terrible time has arrived.

Words meanings summery:

• त्रसानाम् (trasānām) - of the moving (beings), of the trembling

• स्थावराणाम् (sthāvarāṇām) - of the unmoving (beings), of the stationary

• च (ca) - and, also

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• च (ca) - and, also

• इङ्गम् (iṅgam) - that which moves (used substantively) (moving, motion, sign, gesture)

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• च (ca) - and, also

• न (na) - not, no

• इङ्गति (iṅgati) - moves, stirs

• तस्य (tasya) - of that, its

• सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all, of the whole

• संप्राप्तः (saṁprāptaḥ) - has arrived, reached

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time, period

• परमदारुणः (paramadāruṇaḥ) - extremely terrible, most dreadful

Words meanings and morphology

त्रसानाम् (trasānām) - of the moving (beings), of the trembling

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of trasa

trasa - moving, trembling, living being

Derived from root √tras (to tremble, move). Used substantively to refer to moving beings.

Root: tras (class 1)

Note: Used substantively.

स्थावराणाम् (sthāvarāṇām) - of the unmoving (beings), of the stationary

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sthāvara

sthāvara - stationary, unmoving, immovable (e.g., plants, mountains)

From root √sthā (to stand), meaning 'standing still'. Used substantively to refer to stationary beings.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used substantively.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Relative pronoun.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

इङ्गम् (iṅgam) - that which moves (used substantively) (moving, motion, sign, gesture)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of iṅga

iṅga - motion, movement, sign, gesture

From root √iṅg (to move). Can also be an adjective 'moving'.

Root: iṅg (class 1)

Note: Used substantively here, meaning 'that which moves'.

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Relative pronoun.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negative particle.

इङ्गति (iṅgati) - moves, stirs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṅg

Root verb, present tense.

Root: iṅg (class 1)

Note: The subject is implied by 'yat'.

तस्य (tasya) - of that, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'sarvasya'.

सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all, of the whole

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'tasya'.

संप्राप्तः (saṁprāptaḥ) - has arrived, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃprāpta

saṁprāpta - arrived, obtained, reached, encountered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √āp (to obtain, reach) with upasargas sam- and pra-.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'kālaḥ'.

कालः (kālaḥ) - time, period

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, death

Note: Subject of the sentence.

परमदारुणः (paramadāruṇaḥ) - extremely terrible, most dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramadāruṇa

paramadāruṇa - extremely terrible, very dreadful, exceedingly fierce

Compound of 'parama' (supreme, extreme) and 'dāruṇa' (terrible, dreadful).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+dāruṇa)

• parama – supreme, highest, extreme, ultimate
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form.
• dāruṇa – terrible, dreadful, cruel, harsh
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √dṝ (to tear, burst).
  Root: dṝ (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'kālaḥ'.