महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-16, verse-43

तेन शब्देन संभ्रान्तः सहसान्तःपुरे जनः ।
निर्जगाम नरव्याघ्र राज्ञा सह परंतप ॥४३॥

43. tena śabdena saṁbhrāntaḥ sahasāntaḥpure janaḥ ,
nirjagāma naravyāghra rājñā saha paraṁtapa.

43. tena śabdena saṃbhrāntaḥ sahasā antaḥpure janaḥ
nirjagāma naravyāghra rājñā saha paraṃtapa

43. O tiger among men, O tormentor of foes, the people in the inner chambers were suddenly startled by that sound and emerged along with the king.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that, with that (masculine/neuter)

• शब्देन (śabdena) - by sound, with sound

• संभ्रान्तः (saṁbhrāntaḥ) - agitated, startled, bewildered

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, instantly, quickly

• अन्तःपुरे (antaḥpure) - in the inner chambers, in the women's quarters

• जनः (janaḥ) - person, people, folk

• निर्जगाम (nirjagāma) - came out, went forth, emerged

• नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O foremost of men

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - with the king, by the king

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that, with that (masculine/neuter)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

शब्देन (śabdena) - by sound, with sound

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, noise

Root: śabd (class 1)

संभ्रान्तः (saṁbhrāntaḥ) - agitated, startled, bewildered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃbhrānta

saṁbhrānta - agitated, bewildered, confused

Past Passive Participle

from sam-√bhram (to wander, to be agitated)

Prefix: sam

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: qualifies janaḥ

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, instantly, quickly

(indeclinable)

adverbial form

अन्तःपुरे (antaḥpure) - in the inner chambers, in the women's quarters

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antaḥpura

antaḥpura - inner apartment, women's quarters, harem

compound of antar (inside) + pura (city/house)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (antar+pura)

• antar – inside, within
  indeclinable
  prefix/adverb
• pura – city, town, dwelling
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pṛ (class 3)

जनः (janaḥ) - person, people, folk

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, people, creature, man

Root: jan (class 4)

निर्जगाम (nirjagāma) - came out, went forth, emerged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of nirgam

Perfect Active

root gam, with prefix nir, perfect 3rd person singular

Prefix: nir

Root: gam (class 1)

नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O foremost of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, excellent man, foremost of men

compound comparing a man to a tiger (best of his kind)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ (class 1)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: ghrā (class 1)

Note: संबोधन (sambodhana)

राज्ञा (rājñā) - with the king, by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: used with saha

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

postposition, takes instrumental case

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies

compound of param (foe) + tapa (scorcher, from √tap)

Compound type : dvandva (para+tapa)

• para – other, enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – one who heats, scorches, afflicts
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  from root √tap (to heat, to torment)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: संबोधन (sambodhana)