महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-16, verse-25

ततः सभार्यः प्रणतस्तमुवाच बृहद्रथः ।
पुत्रदर्शननैराश्याद्बाष्पगद्गदया गिरा ॥२५॥

25. tataḥ sabhāryaḥ praṇatastamuvāca bṛhadrathaḥ ,
putradarśananairāśyādbāṣpagadgadayā girā.

25. tataḥ sabhāryaḥ praṇataḥ tam uvāca bṛhadrathaḥ
putradarśananairāśyāt bāṣpagadgadayā girā

25. Then Brihadratha, accompanied by his wife and having bowed, spoke to him with a voice choked with tears, due to his despair over not having a son.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (referring to the sequence of events) (then, thence, afterwards)

• सभार्यः (sabhāryaḥ) - accompanied by his wife (with his wife, accompanied by his wife)

• प्रणतः (praṇataḥ) - having bowed down (in reverence) (bowed, saluted, humble)

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to the sage) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (he said, he spoke)

• बृहद्रथः (bṛhadrathaḥ) - King Brihadratha (Brihadratha (proper name))

• पुत्रदर्शननैराश्यात् (putradarśananairāśyāt) - due to his despair over not having a son (lit. 'from hopelessness of seeing a son') (from despair of seeing a son, due to hopelessness regarding a son)

• बाष्पगद्गदया (bāṣpagadgadayā) - with a voice choked with tears (with a tear-choked, with a faltering (due to tears))

• गिरा (girā) - with a voice (with a voice, with a word)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (referring to the sequence of events) (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

सभार्यः (sabhāryaḥ) - accompanied by his wife (with his wife, accompanied by his wife)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sabhārya

sabhārya - having a wife, with one's wife

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bhāryā)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• bhāryā – wife
  noun (feminine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, support) + ṇyaT suffix. Meaning 'one to be supported/maintained', hence wife.
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Nominative singular masculine, qualifying Bṛhadratha.

प्रणतः (praṇataḥ) - having bowed down (in reverence) (bowed, saluted, humble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praṇata

praṇata - bowed, bent, humble, devoted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root nam (to bow) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle, nominative singular masculine, referring to Bṛhadratha.

तम् (tam) - him (referring to the sage) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Accusative singular masculine, object of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Perfect tense, 3rd person singular active.

बृहद्रथः (bṛhadrathaḥ) - King Brihadratha (Brihadratha (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bṛhadratha

bṛhadratha - Brihadratha (a proper name, lit. 'having a great chariot')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bṛhat+ratha)

• bṛhat – great, large, vast
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular masculine, subject of 'uvāca'.

पुत्रदर्शननैराश्यात् (putradarśananairāśyāt) - due to his despair over not having a son (lit. 'from hopelessness of seeing a son') (from despair of seeing a son, due to hopelessness regarding a son)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of putradarśananairāśya

putradarśananairāśya - despair regarding the sight of a son

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+darśana+nairāśya)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• darśana – seeing, sight, vision
  noun (neuter)
  Verbal noun
  Derived from root dṛś (to see) + Lyuṭ suffix.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• nairāśya – despair, hopelessness
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from nirāśā (hopelessness) + ṣyaÑ suffix, meaning 'state of hopelessness'.
  Prefix: nir

Note: Ablative singular neuter, indicating cause.

बाष्पगद्गदया (bāṣpagadgadayā) - with a voice choked with tears (with a tear-choked, with a faltering (due to tears))

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bāṣpagadgada

bāṣpagadgada - choked with tears, faltering due to tears

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāṣpa+gadgada)

• bāṣpa – tears
  noun (masculine)
• gadgada – stammering, faltering, choked (of voice)
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Instrumental singular feminine, qualifying 'girā'.

गिरा (girā) - with a voice (with a voice, with a word)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gir

gir - voice, speech, word

Root: gṝ (class 9)

Note: Instrumental singular feminine, indicating the means of speaking.