महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-18, chapter-5, verse-44

स नरः पापनिर्मुक्तः कीर्तिं प्राप्येह शौनक ।
गच्छेत्परमिकां सिद्धिमत्र मे नास्ति संशयः ॥४४॥

44. sa naraḥ pāpanirmuktaḥ kīrtiṁ prāpyeha śaunaka ,
gacchetparamikāṁ siddhimatra me nāsti saṁśayaḥ.

44. saḥ naraḥ pāpanirmuktaḥ kīrtim prāpya iha śaunaka
gacchet paramikām siddhim atra me na asti saṁśayaḥ

44. O Shaunaka, that man, freed from all sin, attains fame in this world and then achieves the supreme goal (siddhi). Regarding this, I have no doubt.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that man (who recites the epic, referring to the 'yaḥ' from the previous verse) (he, that (man))

• नरः (naraḥ) - that person (who recites) (man, person)

• पापनिर्मुक्तः (pāpanirmuktaḥ) - completely free from all karmic impurities (freed from sin, liberated from evil)

• कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - reputation and recognition in this world (fame, glory, renown)

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having gained (fame) (having obtained, having reached)

• इह (iha) - in this earthly existence (here, in this world)

• शौनक (śaunaka) - The sage Shaunaka, who is the audience for this narration. (O Shaunaka)

• गच्छेत् (gacchet) - achieves (the supreme goal) (should go, attains, reaches)

• परमिकाम् (paramikām) - the utmost (perfection) (supreme, highest, ultimate)

• सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - the ultimate spiritual realization or goal (siddhi) (attainment, perfection, success, accomplishment)

• अत्र (atra) - regarding this statement or outcome (here, in this matter)

• मे (me) - for me (the speaker) (to me, my, for me)

• न (na) - no (negating doubt) (not, no)

• अस्ति (asti) - there is (no doubt) (is, exists)

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - any uncertainty (about the stated results) (doubt, uncertainty)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that man (who recites the epic, referring to the 'yaḥ' from the previous verse) (he, that (man))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

नरः (naraḥ) - that person (who recites) (man, person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human

From '√nṛ' (to lead).

Root: nṛ

Note: Forms the subject phrase 'sa naraḥ'.

पापनिर्मुक्तः (pāpanirmuktaḥ) - completely free from all karmic impurities (freed from sin, liberated from evil)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpanirmukta

pāpanirmukta - freed from sin, liberated from evil

Compound of 'pāpa' (sin) and 'nirmukta' (freed).

Compound type : pañcamī-tatpuruṣa (pāpa+nirmukta)

• pāpa – sin, evil, bad
  noun (neuter)
• nirmukta – freed, liberated, released
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'nir' (out) + '√muc' (to free, release) + 'kta' (pp. suffix).
  Prefix: nir
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'naraḥ'.

कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - reputation and recognition in this world (fame, glory, renown)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kīrti

kīrti - fame, glory, renown, praise

From '√kṛt' (to mention, praise).

Root: kṛt

Note: Object of 'prāpya'.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having gained (fame) (having obtained, having reached)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From 'pra' (prefix) + '√āp' (to obtain) + 'lyap' (absolutive suffix for prefixed verbs).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Modifies the action of 'gacchet'.

इह (iha) - in this earthly existence (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place and time.

Note: Modifies 'prāpya' (gaining fame *here*).

शौनक (śaunaka) - The sage Shaunaka, who is the audience for this narration. (O Shaunaka)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śaunaka

śaunaka - Shaunaka (name of a sage)

Name of a sage, descendant of Śunaka.

Note: The address to the audience.

गच्छेत् (gacchet) - achieves (the supreme goal) (should go, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of gam

Optative

From '√gam' (to go, move), optative 3rd person singular 'gacchet'.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the consequence clause.

परमिकाम् (paramikām) - the utmost (perfection) (supreme, highest, ultimate)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paramikā

paramikā - supreme, ultimate, highest, greatest

Feminine form of 'paramika', derived from 'parama' (supreme).

Note: Qualifies 'siddhim'.

सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - the ultimate spiritual realization or goal (siddhi) (attainment, perfection, success, accomplishment)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of siddhi

siddhi - attainment, success, accomplishment, perfection, supernatural power

From '√sidh' (to accomplish, succeed) + 'ti' suffix.

Root: sidh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'gacchet'.

अत्र (atra) - regarding this statement or outcome (here, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from 'idam' (this).

Note: Modifies 'na asti saṁśayaḥ'.

मे (me) - for me (the speaker) (to me, my, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic form of the 1st person pronoun.

Note: Indicates the speaker's (Sauti's) certainty.

न (na) - no (negating doubt) (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates the existence of doubt.

अस्ति (asti) - there is (no doubt) (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present indicative

From '√as' (to be), present 3rd person singular 'asti'.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: The verb of existence for 'saṁśayaḥ'.

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - any uncertainty (about the stated results) (doubt, uncertainty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṁśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion

From 'sam' (together) + '√śī' (to lie, doubt).

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'asti'.