महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-84, verse-4

प्रसन्नं ह्यप्रसन्नं वा पीडितं हृतमेव वा ।
आवर्तयति भूयिष्ठं तदेको ह्यनुपालितः ॥४॥

4. prasannaṁ hyaprasannaṁ vā pīḍitaṁ hṛtameva vā ,
āvartayati bhūyiṣṭhaṁ tadeko hyanupālitaḥ.

4. prasannam hi aprasannam vā pīḍitam hṛtam eva vā
| āvartayati bhūyiṣṭham tat ekaḥ hi anupālitaḥ

4. hi anupālitaḥ ekaḥ (sahāyaḥ) prasannam vā aprasannam vā pīḍitam vā hṛtam eva (api),
tat (kāryam) bhūyiṣṭham āvartayati.

4. For such a helper, whether content or discontent, oppressed or even captured, when properly maintained, will mostly (or reliably) recover the situation.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रसन्नम् (prasannam) - pleased, content, clear, calm

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because, certainly

• अप्रसन्नम् (aprasannam) - displeased, discontent, troubled

• वा (vā) - or

• पीडितम् (pīḍitam) - tormented, afflicted, oppressed

• हृतम् (hṛtam) - carried away, stolen, captured, taken

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

• वा (vā) - or

• आवर्तयति (āvartayati) - recovers the situation, brings things back to normal (brings back, causes to return, revolves, brings around)

• भूयिष्ठम् (bhūyiṣṭham) - mostly, for the most part, very much, often

• तत् (tat) - the situation or affairs (that)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - that one (helper) (one, a single)

• अनुपालितः (anupālitaḥ) - properly maintained, cherished, followed, taken care of

Words meanings and morphology

प्रसन्नम् (prasannam) - pleased, content, clear, calm

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prasanna

prasanna - pleased, clear, calm, gracious

Past Passive Participle

from pra- + sad (to settle down, become clear, become pleased)

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: It qualifies an implicit 'him' (the helper), used adverbially or as a predicate.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अप्रसन्नम् (aprasannam) - displeased, discontent, troubled

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aprasanna

aprasanna - displeased, unclear, discontent

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'prasanna'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+prasanna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• prasanna – pleased, clear, calm
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from pra- + sad (to settle down, become clear, become pleased)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: It qualifies an implicit 'him' (the helper), used adverbially or as a predicate.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

पीडितम् (pīḍitam) - tormented, afflicted, oppressed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pīḍita

pīḍita - tormented, afflicted, oppressed, hurt

Past Passive Participle

from root pīḍ (to oppress, torment)

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: It qualifies an implicit 'him' (the helper), used adverbially or as a predicate.

हृतम् (hṛtam) - carried away, stolen, captured, taken

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hṛta

hṛta - taken, carried away, stolen, captured

Past Passive Participle

from root hṛ (to seize, carry, take)

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: It qualifies an implicit 'him' (the helper), used adverbially or as a predicate.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

आवर्तयति (āvartayati) - recovers the situation, brings things back to normal (brings back, causes to return, revolves, brings around)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of āvartay

Causative (from ā- + vṛt)

Causative of root āvṛt

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular present.

भूयिष्ठम् (bhūyiṣṭham) - mostly, for the most part, very much, often

(indeclinable)

Superlative

Superlative of bahu (much, many)

Note: Adverbial usage.

तत् (tat) - the situation or affairs (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the 'situation' or 'affairs' that are being averted.

एकः (ekaḥ) - that one (helper) (one, a single)

(numeral)

अनुपालितः (anupālitaḥ) - properly maintained, cherished, followed, taken care of

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anupālita

anupālita - protected, maintained, cherished, observed, followed

Past Passive Participle

from anu- + pāl (to protect, cherish)

Prefix: anu

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Acts as an adjective qualifying 'ekaḥ'.