महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-84, verse-29

व्यथयेद्धि स राजानं मन्त्रिभिः सहितोऽनृजुः ।
मारुतोपहतच्छिद्रैः प्रविश्याग्निरिव द्रुमम् ॥२९॥

29. vyathayeddhi sa rājānaṁ mantribhiḥ sahito'nṛjuḥ ,
mārutopahatacchidraiḥ praviśyāgniriva drumam.

29. vyathayet hi saḥ rājānam mantribhiḥ sahitaḥ anṛjuḥ
| mārutopahatacchidraiḥ praviśya agniḥ iva drumam

29. saḥ anṛjuḥ hi mantribhiḥ sahitaḥ rājānam vyathayet mārutopahatacchidraiḥ praviśya agniḥ iva drumam (vyathayet).

29. Indeed, that dishonest (anṛjuḥ) person, even when accompanied by other ministers (mantribhiḥ sahitaḥ), would distress the king, just as fire (agniḥ), having entered a tree (drumam) through crevices damaged by wind (mārutopahatacchidraiḥ), (harms it).

Words meanings summery:

• व्यथयेत् (vyathayet) - would distress (he would trouble, he would distress, he would agitate)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• सः (saḥ) - that (person) (he, that (one))

• राजानम् (rājānam) - the king (accusative)

• मन्त्रिभिः (mantribhiḥ) - by other ministers (with ministers, by ministers)

• सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by (accompanied by, together with, connected with)

• अनृजुः (anṛjuḥ) - dishonest (dishonest, crooked, not straight)

• मारुतोपहतच्छिद्रैः (mārutopahatacchidraiḥ) - through crevices damaged by wind (through holes damaged by wind, by means of wind-damaged openings)

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered, by entering

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire (fire, god of fire)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• द्रुमम् (drumam) - a tree (a tree (accusative))

Words meanings and morphology

व्यथयेत् (vyathayet) - would distress (he would trouble, he would distress, he would agitate)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vyath

Optative Active

3rd person singular Optative Active

Root: vyath (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - that (person) (he, that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राजानम् (rājānam) - the king (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

मन्त्रिभिः (mantribhiḥ) - by other ministers (with ministers, by ministers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mantrin

mantrin - minister, counselor

From 'mantra' (counsel)

सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by (accompanied by, together with, connected with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, united with, possessed of

Past Passive Participle

Lit. "placed with". From √dhā with sa- and hi- (or simply 'sa' + hita)

अनृजुः (anṛjuḥ) - dishonest (dishonest, crooked, not straight)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anṛju

anṛju - dishonest, crooked, not straight

From 'a-' (negative) and 'ṛju' (straight, honest)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ṛju)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• ṛju – straight, honest, upright
  adjective (masculine)

मारुतोपहतच्छिद्रैः (mārutopahatacchidraiḥ) - through crevices damaged by wind (through holes damaged by wind, by means of wind-damaged openings)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of mārutopahatacchidra

mārutopahatacchidra - having holes damaged by wind, wind-damaged holes

Compound of 'maruta' (wind) + 'upahata' (damaged) + 'chidra' (hole)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (māruta+upahata+chidra)

• māruta – wind, belonging to the wind, caused by wind
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'marut' (wind)
• upahata – damaged, struck, injured
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √han (to strike, slay) with upa-
  Prefix: upa
  Root: han (class 2)
• chidra – hole, crevice, opening
  noun (neuter)
  From √chid (to cut, pierce)
  Root: chid (class 7)

Note: This compound adjective modifies an implied object like 'tree'.

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered, by entering

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from √viś with pra- and the suffix -ya

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire (fire, god of fire)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

द्रुमम् (drumam) - a tree (a tree (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of druma

druma - tree

Note: Object of 'praviśya'.