महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-84, verse-24

एवमल्पश्रुतो मन्त्री कल्याणाभिजनोऽप्युत ।
धर्मार्थकामयुक्तोऽपि नालं मन्त्रं परीक्षितुम् ॥२४॥

24. evamalpaśruto mantrī kalyāṇābhijano'pyuta ,
dharmārthakāmayukto'pi nālaṁ mantraṁ parīkṣitum.

24. evam alpaśrutaḥ mantrī kalyāṇābhijanaḥ api uta
dharmārthakāmayuktaḥ api na alam mantram parīkṣitum

24. evam alpaśrutaḥ mantrī kalyāṇābhijanaḥ api uta
dharmārthakāmayuktaḥ api mantram parīkṣitum na alam

24. Therefore, a minister who possesses little learning, even if he is of noble birth, and even if he is endowed with righteousness (dharma), wealth, and pleasure, is not capable of properly examining counsel (mantra).

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so

• अल्पश्रुतः (alpaśrutaḥ) - one who has heard little, one with little learning/knowledge

• मन्त्री (mantrī) - a minister, a counselor

• कल्याणाभिजनः (kalyāṇābhijanaḥ) - one of noble birth/family

• अपि (api) - also, even, although

• उत (uta) - used for emphasis in combination with api as 'api uta' = even (and, also, moreover, or)

• धर्मार्थकामयुक्तः (dharmārthakāmayuktaḥ) - endowed with righteousness (dharma), wealth, and pleasure

• अपि (api) - also, even, although

• न (na) - not, no

• अलम् (alam) - na alam = not capable (capable, sufficient, enough)

• मन्त्रम् (mantram) - counsel, plan, advice

• परीक्षितुम् (parīkṣitum) - to examine, to scrutinize, to investigate

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so

(indeclinable)

अल्पश्रुतः (alpaśrutaḥ) - one who has heard little, one with little learning/knowledge

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alpaśruta

alpaśruta - one who has heard little, one with little learning/knowledge

Bahuvrīhi compound: alpa (little) + śruta (heard/learned).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (alpa+śruta)

• alpa – small, little, few
  adjective
• śruta – heard, learned, knowledge, tradition
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śru (to hear).
  Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'mantrī'.

मन्त्री (mantrī) - a minister, a counselor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mantrin

mantrin - a minister, a counselor, one who possesses counsel/advice

Derived from mantra (counsel) with suffix ini (possessor).

Root: man (class 4)

कल्याणाभिजनः (kalyāṇābhijanaḥ) - one of noble birth/family

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kalyāṇābhijana

kalyāṇābhijana - one of noble or auspicious birth/family

Bahuvrīhi compound: kalyāṇa (noble/auspicious) + abhijana (birth/lineage).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (kalyāṇa+abhijana)

• kalyāṇa – excellent, auspicious, good, noble
  adjective
• abhijana – lineage, ancestry, noble family, birth
  noun (masculine)
  From root jan (to be born) with prefix abhi.
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'mantrī'.

अपि (api) - also, even, although

(indeclinable)

उत (uta) - used for emphasis in combination with api as 'api uta' = even (and, also, moreover, or)

(indeclinable)

धर्मार्थकामयुक्तः (dharmārthakāmayuktaḥ) - endowed with righteousness (dharma), wealth, and pleasure

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmārthakāmayukta

dharmārthakāmayukta - endowed with the three aims of human life: dharma, artha, kama

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'one for whom dharma, artha, and kāma are joined'. 'dharmārthakāma' forms a Dvandva compound which then is compounded with 'yukta'.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (dharma+artha+kāma+yukta)

• dharma – intrinsic nature, natural law, righteousness, duty (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, to sustain).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, material prosperity
  noun (masculine)
  From root ṛ (to go, to move).
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• kāma – desire, pleasure, love
  noun (masculine)
  From root kam (to desire).
  Root: kam (class 1)
• yukta – joined, endowed, engaged, appropriate
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yuj (to join, to connect).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'mantrī'.

अपि (api) - also, even, although

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अलम् (alam) - na alam = not capable (capable, sufficient, enough)

(indeclinable)

मन्त्रम् (mantram) - counsel, plan, advice

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mantra

mantra - counsel, plan, advice, sacred utterance (mantra)

From root man (to think) with suffix tra.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of 'parīkṣitum'.

परीक्षितुम् (parīkṣitum) - to examine, to scrutinize, to investigate

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed from root īkṣ (to see, to look) with prefix pari and suffix tumun.

Prefix: pari

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Infinitive expressing purpose or capability.