महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-84, verse-18

योधाः स्रौवास्तथा मौलास्तथैवान्येऽप्यवस्कृताः ।
कर्तव्या भूतिकामेन पुरुषेण बुभूषता ॥१८॥

18. yodhāḥ srauvāstathā maulāstathaivānye'pyavaskṛtāḥ ,
kartavyā bhūtikāmena puruṣeṇa bubhūṣatā.

18. yodhāḥ srauvāḥ tathā maulāḥ tathā eva anye api
avaskṛtāḥ kartavyāḥ bhūtikāmena puruṣeṇa bubhūṣatā

18. bhūtikāmena bubhūṣatā puruṣeṇa srauvāḥ tathā maulāḥ
tathā eva anye api avaskṛtāḥ yodhāḥ kartavyāḥ

18. Warriors — traditional (srauvāḥ), as well as hereditary (maulāḥ), and also other acquired or auxiliary (avaskṛtāḥ) ones — should be employed by a person (puruṣa) desiring and wishing for prosperity.

Words meanings summery:

• योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors (warriors, fighters, soldiers)

• स्रौवाः (srauvāḥ) - traditional (warriors) (Vedic, traditional, from good families)

• तथा (tathā) - as well as, and (thus, so, similarly, and)

• मौलाः (maulāḥ) - hereditary (warriors) (hereditary, indigenous, ancestral)

• तथा (tathā) - and (thus, so, similarly, and)

• एव (eva) - also (indeed, just, only, exactly)

• अन्ये (anye) - other (warriors) (others)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• अवस्कृताः (avaskṛtāḥ) - acquired / auxiliary (warriors) (disgraced, degraded, acquired, auxiliary)

• कर्तव्याः (kartavyāḥ) - should be employed (should be made, should be done, should be employed)

• भूतिकामेन (bhūtikāmena) - by a desirous of prosperity (by one desirous of prosperity)

• पुरुषेण (puruṣeṇa) - by a person (puruṣa) (by a man, by a person)

• बुभूषता (bubhūṣatā) - by one wishing to prosper (by one wishing to prosper, by one wishing to be)

Words meanings and morphology

योधाः (yodhāḥ) - warriors (warriors, fighters, soldiers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yodha

yodha - warrior, fighter, soldier

From root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of kartavyāḥ

स्रौवाः (srauvāḥ) - traditional (warriors) (Vedic, traditional, from good families)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of srauva

srauva - relating to śruti (Vedic tradition), traditional, from noble families

Derived from śru (to hear, tradition)

Note: Qualifies yodhāḥ

तथा (tathā) - as well as, and (thus, so, similarly, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

मौलाः (maulāḥ) - hereditary (warriors) (hereditary, indigenous, ancestral)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maula

maula - hereditary, ancestral, indigenous, principal (as opposed to acquired)

Derived from mūla (root, origin)

Note: Qualifies yodhāḥ

तथा (tathā) - and (thus, so, similarly, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

एव (eva) - also (indeed, just, only, exactly)

(indeclinable)

अन्ये (anye) - other (warriors) (others)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, different, another

Note: Refers to other types of yodhāḥ

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

अवस्कृताः (avaskṛtāḥ) - acquired / auxiliary (warriors) (disgraced, degraded, acquired, auxiliary)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avaskṛta

avaskṛta - disgraced, degraded, subjugated, acquired, auxiliary (in military context)

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to make/do) with prefix ava- and s augment. In military context, refers to non-traditional or auxiliary troops, sometimes implying those of lower status or acquired through conquest/recruitment, not hereditary.

Prefix: ava

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies yodhāḥ

कर्तव्याः (kartavyāḥ) - should be employed (should be made, should be done, should be employed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, to be made, to be performed, to be employed

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, to make) with tavya suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate for yodhāḥ

भूतिकामेन (bhūtikāmena) - by a desirous of prosperity (by one desirous of prosperity)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhūtikāma

bhūtikāma - desirous of prosperity/welfare

Tatpuruṣa compound: bhūti (prosperity) + kāma (desirous)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūti+kāma)

• bhūti – welfare, prosperity, well-being, existence
  noun (feminine)
  From root bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  From root kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Agent of the passive construction kartavyāḥ

पुरुषेण (puruṣeṇa) - by a person (puruṣa) (by a man, by a person)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, the Supreme Being (puruṣa)

Root: pṛ

Note: Agent of the passive construction kartavyāḥ

बुभूषता (bubhūṣatā) - by one wishing to prosper (by one wishing to prosper, by one wishing to be)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bubhūṣat

bubhūṣat - wishing to be, wishing to become, wishing to prosper

Desiderative Present Active Participle

From desiderative stem of root bhū (to be, to become, to prosper)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies puruṣeṇa