महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-16, verse-9

ततो व्यासाभ्यनुज्ञातो धृतराष्ट्रो महीपतिः ।
पाण्डुपुत्राश्च ते सर्वे युधिष्ठिरपुरोगमाः ॥९॥

9. tato vyāsābhyanujñāto dhṛtarāṣṭro mahīpatiḥ ,
pāṇḍuputrāśca te sarve yudhiṣṭhirapurogamāḥ.

9. tataḥ vyāsābhyanujñātaḥ dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ mahīpatiḥ
pāṇḍuputrāḥ ca te sarve yudhiṣṭhirapurogamāḥ

9. tataḥ mahīpatiḥ dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ vyāsābhyanujñātaḥ
ca te sarve pāṇḍuputrāḥ yudhiṣṭhirapurogamāḥ

9. Thereafter, King Dhritarashtra, having been permitted by Vyasa, and all those sons of Pandu with Yudhishthira at their forefront...

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that, hence

• व्यासाभ्यनुज्ञातः (vyāsābhyanujñātaḥ) - permitted/granted leave by Vyasa

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

• महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king, lord of the earth

• पाण्डुपुत्राः (pāṇḍuputrāḥ) - the sons of Pandu, the Pandavas

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• ते (te) - those

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every, entire

• युधिष्ठिरपुरोगमाः (yudhiṣṭhirapurogamāḥ) - with Yudhishthira at their forefront (having Yudhishthira as their leader/foremost)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that, hence

(indeclinable)

व्यासाभ्यनुज्ञातः (vyāsābhyanujñātaḥ) - permitted/granted leave by Vyasa

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsābhyanujñāta

vyāsābhyanujñāta - permitted by Vyasa, granted permission by Vyasa

Past Passive Participle

A tatpurusha compound where 'Vyāsa' (proper noun) is the agent of 'abhyanujñāta' (Past Passive Participle of abhi-anu-jñā, to permit).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vyāsa+abhyanujñāta)

• vyāsa – Vyasa (name of a revered sage, compiler of the Vedas and author of the Mahabharata)
  proper noun (masculine)
• abhyanujñāta – permitted, allowed, assented to, authorized
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root jñā (to know) with the prefixes abhi- and anu-.
  Prefixes: abhi+anu
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ' (Dhritarashtra).

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (proper name of the Kuru king, father of the Kauravas)

महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king, lord of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - lord of the earth, ruler, king, sovereign

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband, protector
  noun (masculine)

Note: In apposition to Dhritarashtra.

पाण्डुपुत्राः (pāṇḍuputrāḥ) - the sons of Pandu, the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pandu; the Pandavas (collective term for the sons of Pandu)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pandu (proper name of the younger brother of Dhritarashtra, father of the Pandavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'pāṇḍuputrāḥ' (sons of Pandu).

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every, entire

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'pāṇḍuputrāḥ' (sons of Pandu).

युधिष्ठिरपुरोगमाः (yudhiṣṭhirapurogamāḥ) - with Yudhishthira at their forefront (having Yudhishthira as their leader/foremost)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yudhiṣṭhirapurogama

yudhiṣṭhirapurogama - having Yudhishthira as leader, preceded by Yudhishthira, with Yudhishthira at the forefront

Compound type : bahuvrihi (yudhiṣṭhira+purogama)

• yudhiṣṭhira – Yudhishthira (proper name of the eldest Pandava brother)
  proper noun (masculine)
• purogama – going before, leading, chief, foremost
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of 'puras' (before) and 'gama' (going, from the root gam 'to go').
  Prefix: puras
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pāṇḍuputrāḥ' (sons of Pandu).