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11,16

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-16, verse-36

सुरूपवर्णा बहवः क्रव्यादैरवघट्टिताः ।
ऋषभप्रतिरूपाक्षाः शेरते हरितस्रजः ॥३६॥
36. surūpavarṇā bahavaḥ kravyādairavaghaṭṭitāḥ ,
ṛṣabhapratirūpākṣāḥ śerate haritasrajaḥ.
36. surūpavarṇāḥ bahavaḥ kravyādaiḥ avaghaṭṭitāḥ
ṛṣabhapratirūpākṣāḥ śerate haritasrajaḥ
36. bahavaḥ surūpavarṇāḥ kravyādaiḥ avaghaṭṭitāḥ
ṛṣabhapratirūpākṣāḥ haritasrajaḥ śerate
36. Many (warriors), once of beautiful form and complexion, lie mangled by carnivores, their bull-like eyes fixed, still adorned with green garlands.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • सुरूपवर्णाः (surūpavarṇāḥ) - referring to the warriors who were once handsome (of beautiful form and color/complexion)
  • बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many warriors (many)
  • क्रव्यादैः (kravyādaiḥ) - by scavenging animals on the battlefield (by flesh-eaters, by carnivores)
  • अवघट्टिताः (avaghaṭṭitāḥ) - mangled by carnivores on the battlefield (mangled, torn apart, bitten)
  • ऋषभप्रतिरूपाक्षाः (ṛṣabhapratirūpākṣāḥ) - describing the wide, fixed eyes of the fallen warriors (with eyes resembling those of a bull)
  • शेरते (śerate) - they lie dead on the battlefield (they lie, they repose)
  • हरितस्रजः (haritasrajaḥ) - adorned with garlands that are now withered or soiled in death (with green garlands)

Words meanings and morphology

सुरूपवर्णाः (surūpavarṇāḥ) - referring to the warriors who were once handsome (of beautiful form and color/complexion)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of surūpavarṇa
surūpavarṇa - of beautiful form and complexion
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+rūpa+varṇa)
  • su – good, beautiful
    indeclinable
  • rūpa – form, shape, beauty
    noun (neuter)
  • varṇa – color, complexion
    noun (masculine)
बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many warriors (many)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu
bahu - many, much
क्रव्यादैः (kravyādaiḥ) - by scavenging animals on the battlefield (by flesh-eaters, by carnivores)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of kravyāda
kravyāda - flesh-eater, carnivore, scavenger
Compound of kravya (raw flesh) and ada (eater).
Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (kravya+ada)
  • kravya – raw flesh, carcass
    noun (neuter)
  • ada – eating, eater
    noun (masculine)
    agent noun
    Derived from root ad (to eat).
    Root: ad (class 2)
अवघट्टिताः (avaghaṭṭitāḥ) - mangled by carnivores on the battlefield (mangled, torn apart, bitten)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of avaghaṭṭita
avaghaṭṭita - mangled, torn, agitated, bruised
past passive participle
Past passive participle of root ghaṭṭ (to rub, bruise) with prefix ava-.
Prefix: ava
Root: ghaṭṭ (class 10)
Note: Past passive participle used as an adjective
ऋषभप्रतिरूपाक्षाः (ṛṣabhapratirūpākṣāḥ) - describing the wide, fixed eyes of the fallen warriors (with eyes resembling those of a bull)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣabhapratirūpākṣa
ṛṣabhapratirūpākṣa - having eyes resembling those of a bull
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ṛṣabha+pratirūpa+akṣa)
  • ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent
    noun (masculine)
  • pratirūpa – resembling, like, image, likeness
    adjective
    Prefix: prati
  • akṣa – eye
    noun (neuter)
शेरते (śerate) - they lie dead on the battlefield (they lie, they repose)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of śī
Root: śī (class 2)
हरितस्रजः (haritasrajaḥ) - adorned with garlands that are now withered or soiled in death (with green garlands)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of haritasraj
haritasraj - having green garlands
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (harita+sraj)
  • harita – green, verdant
    adjective
  • sraj – garland, wreath
    noun (feminine)