महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-16, verse-31

शयनान्युचिताः सर्वे मृदूनि विमलानि च ।
विपन्नास्तेऽद्य वसुधां विवृतामधिशेरते ॥३१॥

31. śayanānyucitāḥ sarve mṛdūni vimalāni ca ,
vipannāste'dya vasudhāṁ vivṛtāmadhiśerate.

31. śayanāni ucitāḥ sarve mṛdūni vimalāni ca
vipannāḥ te adya vasudhām vivṛtām adhiśerate

31. sarve śayanāni mṛdūni vimalāni ca ucitāḥ te
adya vipannāḥ vivṛtām vasudhām adhiśerate

31. All those who were accustomed to soft and pure beds, they have perished and today lie upon the bare earth.

Words meanings summery:

• शयनानि (śayanāni) - beds, couches

• उचिताः (ucitāḥ) - accustomed, suitable, proper

• सर्वे (sarve) - All those (warriors). (all)

• मृदूनि (mṛdūni) - soft, tender

• विमलानि (vimalāni) - pure, spotless, clean

• च (ca) - and

• विपन्नाः (vipannāḥ) - perished, fallen, deceased

• ते (te) - they

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• वसुधाम् (vasudhām) - the earth, ground

• विवृताम् (vivṛtām) - bare, uncovered, open

• अधिशेरते (adhiśerate) - they lie upon, they recline on

Words meanings and morphology

शयनानि (śayanāni) - beds, couches

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of śayana

śayana - bed, couch, sleeping, resting

From root śī (to lie, to sleep).

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Forms part of a compound sense with ucitāḥ (accustomed to beds).

उचिताः (ucitāḥ) - accustomed, suitable, proper

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ucita

ucita - suitable, proper, accustomed, fit

Past Passive Participle

From root uc (to be accustomed).

Root: uc (class 4)

Note: Refers to the subjects who are 'accustomed'.

सर्वे (sarve) - All those (warriors). (all)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Subject of the sentence.

मृदूनि (mṛdūni) - soft, tender

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of mṛdu

mṛdu - soft, tender, gentle, delicate

Root: mṛd (class 6)

विमलानि (vimalāni) - pure, spotless, clean

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vimala

vimala - spotless, pure, clean, stainless

From mala (dirt) with negative prefix vi.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (vi+mala)

• vi – apart, away, without (prefix)
  indeclinable
• mala – dirt, impurity, stain
  noun (neuter)
  Root: mal (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विपन्नाः (vipannāḥ) - perished, fallen, deceased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vipanna

vipanna - fallen, perished, deceased, ruined, failed

Past Passive Participle

From root pad with prefix vi, suffix kta.

Prefix: vi

Root: pad (class 4)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, they

Note: Refers back to sarve ucitāḥ.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

वसुधाम् (vasudhām) - the earth, ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vasudhā

vasudhā - earth, ground (lit. 'possessing wealth')

From vasu (wealth) and dhā (to hold).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vasu+dhā)

• vasu – wealth, treasure, jewel, excellent
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vas (class 1)
• dhā – to hold, to bear, to place, to create
  root
  Used in forming nouns.
  Root: dhā (class 3)

विवृताम् (vivṛtām) - bare, uncovered, open

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vivṛta

vivṛta - uncovered, bare, open, revealed

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ with prefix vi, suffix kta.

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛ (class 5)

अधिशेरते (adhiśerate) - they lie upon, they recline on

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of adhiśī

Present tense, 3rd person plural, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root śī with prefix adhi.

Prefix: adhi

Root: śī (class 2)