महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-16, verse-56

न दुःखेषूचिताः पूर्वं दुःखं गाहन्त्यनिन्दिताः ।
भ्रातृभिः पितृभिः पुत्रैरुपकीर्णां वसुंधराम् ॥५६॥

56. na duḥkheṣūcitāḥ pūrvaṁ duḥkhaṁ gāhantyaninditāḥ ,
bhrātṛbhiḥ pitṛbhiḥ putrairupakīrṇāṁ vasuṁdharām.

56. na duḥkheṣu ucitāḥ pūrvam duḥkham gāhanti aninditāḥ
bhrātṛbhiḥ pitṛbhiḥ putraiḥ upakīrṇām vasundharām

56. pūrvam duḥkheṣu na ucitāḥ aninditāḥ vasundharām
bhrātṛbhiḥ pitṛbhiḥ putraiḥ upakīrṇām duḥkham gāhanti

56. The blameless women, who were not accustomed to suffering before, now plunge into great sorrow, beholding the earth strewn with (the bodies of) their brothers, fathers, and sons.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• दुःखेषु (duḥkheṣu) - in miseries, in sufferings

• उचिताः (ucitāḥ) - accustomed, proper

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - misery, suffering

• गाहन्ति (gāhanti) - they plunge into, they enter deeply

• अनिन्दिताः (aninditāḥ) - blameless, irreproachable

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by brothers

• पितृभिः (pitṛbhiḥ) - by fathers

• पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by sons

• उपकीर्णाम् (upakīrṇām) - strewn, covered, spread over

• वसुन्धराम् (vasundharām) - the earth

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

दुःखेषु (duḥkheṣu) - in miseries, in sufferings

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, misery, sorrow

उचिताः (ucitāḥ) - accustomed, proper

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ucita

ucita - suitable, proper, accustomed, fit

past passive participle

derived from root vac/uc 'to be accustomed'

Root: uc

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously

(indeclinable)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - misery, suffering

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, misery, sorrow

गाहन्ति (gāhanti) - they plunge into, they enter deeply

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of gāh

Root: gāh (class 1)

अनिन्दिताः (aninditāḥ) - blameless, irreproachable

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of anindita

anindita - unblamed, unblemished, irreproachable

past passive participle

derived from root nind 'to blame' with negation 'a'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+nindita)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• nindita – blamed, censured
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  derived from root nind 'to blame'
  Root: nind (class 1)

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by brothers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

पितृभिः (pitṛbhiḥ) - by fathers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by sons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

उपकीर्णाम् (upakīrṇām) - strewn, covered, spread over

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of upakīrṇa

upakīrṇa - strewn, scattered, covered with

past passive participle

derived from root kṛ 'to scatter' with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: kṛ (class 6)

वसुन्धराम् (vasundharām) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vasundharā

vasundharā - the earth (bearer of wealth)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vasu+dhara)

• vasu – wealth, riches, good
  noun (neuter)
• dhara – bearing, holding, supporting (suffix)
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  derived from root dhṛ 'to hold, bear'
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)