महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-16, verse-40

एते गोमायवो भीमा निहतानां यशस्विनाम् ।
कण्ठान्तरगतान्हारानाक्षिपन्ति सहस्रशः ॥४०॥

40. ete gomāyavo bhīmā nihatānāṁ yaśasvinām ,
kaṇṭhāntaragatānhārānākṣipanti sahasraśaḥ.

40. ete gomāyavaḥ bhīmāḥ nihatānām yaśasvinām
kaṇṭhāntaragatān hārān ākṣipanti sahasraśaḥ

40. ete bhīmāḥ gomāyavaḥ nihatānām yaśasvinām
kaṇṭhāntaragatān hārān sahasraśaḥ ākṣipanti

40. These terrible (bhīma) jackals (gomāyava) snatch away (ākṣipanti) by the thousands (sahasraśaḥ) the necklaces (hāra) that adorn the necks of the slain (nihata) and glorious (yaśasvin) warriors.

Words meanings summery:

• एते (ete) - these

• गोमायवः (gomāyavaḥ) - jackals (jackals, foxes, wolves)

• भीमाः (bhīmāḥ) - terrible, fearful, dreadful

• निहतानाम् (nihatānām) - of the slain warriors (of the slain, of those killed)

• यशस्विनाम् (yaśasvinām) - of the glorious warriors (of the glorious, of the famous ones)

• कण्ठान्तरगतान् (kaṇṭhāntaragatān) - stuck around the neck (of the dead warriors) (gone inside the neck, situated around the neck)

• हारान् (hārān) - necklaces, strings of pearls

• आक्षिपन्ति (ākṣipanti) - they snatch away (they snatch, they pull away, they cast off)

• सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

Words meanings and morphology

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these, that

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to 'gomāyavaḥ'.

गोमायवः (gomāyavaḥ) - jackals (jackals, foxes, wolves)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gomāyu

gomāyu - jackal, fox, wolf, a kind of wild animal

Note: Subject of 'ākṣipanti'.

भीमाः (bhīmāḥ) - terrible, fearful, dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, fearful, dreadful, formidable, awful

From root √bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'gomāyavaḥ'.

निहतानाम् (nihatānām) - of the slain warriors (of the slain, of those killed)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root √han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'yaśasvinām'.

यशस्विनाम् (yaśasvinām) - of the glorious warriors (of the glorious, of the famous ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - glorious, famous, illustrious, possessing glory, renowned

Derived from yaśas (glory) with suffix -vin.

Note: Agrees with 'nihatānām'.

कण्ठान्तरगतान् (kaṇṭhāntaragatān) - stuck around the neck (of the dead warriors) (gone inside the neck, situated around the neck)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kaṇṭhāntaragata

kaṇṭhāntaragata - gone into the neck, situated around the neck, held within the throat

Compound of kaṇṭha (neck) + antara (inside, middle) + gata (gone).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kaṇṭha+antara+gata)

• kaṇṭha – neck, throat
  noun (masculine)
• antara – inside, interior, intermediate, interval
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, reached, obtained, situated in
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'hārān'.

हारान् (hārān) - necklaces, strings of pearls

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hāra

hāra - necklace, string of pearls, garland, chaplet

From root √hṛ (to take, carry) with suffix -a.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'ākṣipanti'.

आक्षिपन्ति (ākṣipanti) - they snatch away (they snatch, they pull away, they cast off)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of ākṣip

From root √kṣip (to throw, cast) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Verb for the subject 'gomāyavaḥ'.

सहस्रशः (sahasraśaḥ) - by thousands, in thousands

(indeclinable)

From sahasra (thousand) with suffix -śaḥ (indicating distribution or manner).

Note: Modifies 'ākṣipanti'.