महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-16, verse-59

नूनमाचरितं पापं मया पूर्वेषु जन्मसु ।
या पश्यामि हतान्पुत्रान्पौत्रान्भ्रातॄंश्च केशव ।
एवमार्ता विलपती ददर्श निहतं सुतम् ॥५९॥

59. nūnamācaritaṁ pāpaṁ mayā pūrveṣu janmasu ,
yā paśyāmi hatānputrānpautrānbhrātṝṁśca keśava ,
evamārtā vilapatī dadarśa nihataṁ sutam.

59. nūnam ācaritam pāpam mayā pūrveṣu
janmasu yā paśyāmi hatān putrān
pautrān bhrātṝn ca keśava evam ārtā
vilapatī dadarśa nihatam sutam

59. keśava,
nūnam mayā pūrveṣu janmasu pāpam ācaritam,
yā (aham) hatān putrān pautrān ca bhrātṝn paśyāmi.
evam ārtā vilapatī (sā) nihatam sutam dadarśa.

59. Surely, a great sin (pāpam) was committed by me in previous lives (janmasu), O Keśava, for I see my sons, grandsons, and brothers slain. Thus distressed and lamenting, she saw her slain son.

Words meanings summery:

• नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

• आचरितम् (ācaritam) - done, performed, committed

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil deed, wickedness

• मया (mayā) - by me

• पूर्वेषु (pūrveṣu) - in former, in previous

• जन्मसु (janmasu) - in former existences, incarnations (in births, in lives)

• या (yā) - because I (the speaker, Gandhari, is feminine) (who, because (feminine singular))

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

• हतान् (hatān) - slain, killed, destroyed

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

• पौत्रान् (pautrān) - grandsons

• भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

• च (ca) - and

• केशव (keśava) - addressing Lord Kṛṣṇa (O Keśava (a name of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa))

• एवम् (evam) - in such a distressed state (thus, in this manner)

• आर्ता (ārtā) - distressed, suffering, afflicted

• विलपती (vilapatī) - lamenting, weeping

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - she saw, he saw

• निहतम् (nihatam) - slain, killed, struck down

• सुतम् (sutam) - (her) son (Duryodhana, from context) (son)

Words meanings and morphology

नूनम् (nūnam) - surely, certainly, indeed

(indeclinable)

आचरितम् (ācaritam) - done, performed, committed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ācarita

ācarita - done, performed, committed

Past Passive Participle

from root car with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Agrees with pāpam.

पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil deed, wickedness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, vice

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'was'.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Note: Agent of the passive participle ācaritam.

पूर्वेषु (pūrveṣu) - in former, in previous

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - former, previous, eastern

Note: Agrees with janmasu.

जन्मसु (janmasu) - in former existences, incarnations (in births, in lives)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of janman

janman - birth, existence, life

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to the cycle of reincarnation (saṃsāra).

या (yā) - because I (the speaker, Gandhari, is feminine) (who, because (feminine singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Note: Subject of paśyāmi.

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

root changes to paśya in present tense

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हतान् (hatān) - slain, killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - slain, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

from root han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with putrān, pautrān, bhrātṝn.

पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of paśyāmi.

पौत्रान् (pautrān) - grandsons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pautra

pautra - grandson, son's son

Note: Object of paśyāmi.

भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Object of paśyāmi.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

केशव (keśava) - addressing Lord Kṛṣṇa (O Keśava (a name of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)

एवम् (evam) - in such a distressed state (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Qualifies ārtā vilapatī.

आर्ता (ārtā) - distressed, suffering, afflicted

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of arta

arta - distressed, afflicted, wounded

Past Passive Participle

from root ṛ (to go, to move) with prefix ā, but usually from ṛt 'to suffer'

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to Gandhari.

विलपती (vilapatī) - lamenting, weeping

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vilapat

vilapat - lamenting, weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

from root lap with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (Gandhari).

ददर्श (dadarśa) - she saw, he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Reduplicated Perfect (lit)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The subject is implied (Gandhari).

निहतम् (nihatam) - slain, killed, struck down

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - slain, killed, struck down

Past Passive Participle

from root han with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with sutam.

सुतम् (sutam) - (her) son (Duryodhana, from context) (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child, born

Note: Object of dadarśa.