महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-16, verse-47

एता दीर्घमिवोच्छ्वस्य विक्रुश्य च विलप्य च ।
विस्पन्दमाना दुःखेन वीरा जहति जीवितम् ॥४७॥

47. etā dīrghamivocchvasya vikruśya ca vilapya ca ,
vispandamānā duḥkhena vīrā jahati jīvitam.

47. etāḥ dīrgham iva ucchvasya vikruśya ca vilapya
ca vispandamānāḥ duḥkhena vīrāḥ jahati jīvitam

47. etāḥ vīrāḥ dīrgham iva ucchvasya,
ca vikruśya ca vilapya,
duḥkhena vispandamānāḥ jīvitam jahati.

47. These women, sighing deeply as it were, and having cried out and wailed, abandon their lives, trembling with sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• एताः (etāḥ) - these women (these)

• दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - deeply (modifying sighing) (long, deep)

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

• उच्छ्वस्य (ucchvasya) - having sighed, having breathed out deeply

• विक्रुश्य (vikruśya) - having cried out, having shrieked

• च (ca) - and

• विलप्य (vilapya) - having wailed, having lamented

• च (ca) - and

• विस्पन्दमानाः (vispandamānāḥ) - trembling, throbbing, quivering

• दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - by sorrow, with pain, due to misery

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - brave women, heroic women, wives of heroes

• जहति (jahati) - they abandon, they give up, they leave

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, livelihood

Words meanings and morphology

एताः (etāḥ) - these women (these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - deeply (modifying sighing) (long, deep)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīrgha

dīrgha - long, tall, deep

Note: Used adverbially.

इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

(indeclinable)

उच्छ्वस्य (ucchvasya) - having sighed, having breathed out deeply

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root śvas with prefix ud.

Prefix: ud

Root: śvas (class 2)

विक्रुश्य (vikruśya) - having cried out, having shrieked

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root kruś with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: kruś (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विलप्य (vilapya) - having wailed, having lamented

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root lap with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विस्पन्दमानाः (vispandamānāḥ) - trembling, throbbing, quivering

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vispandamāna

vispandamāna - trembling, throbbing

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root spand (to tremble) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: spand (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'etāḥ vīrāḥ'.

दुःखेन (duḥkhena) - by sorrow, with pain, due to misery

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, pain, misery, suffering

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - brave women, heroic women, wives of heroes

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vīrā

vīra - hero, brave, valiant

Note: Substantivized, referring to the women themselves.

जहति (jahati) - they abandon, they give up, they leave

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of hā

Root: hā (class 3)

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, livelihood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, livelihood

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

Derived from root jīv (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Object of 'jahati'.