महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-16, verse-41

सर्वेष्वपररात्रेषु याननन्दन्त बन्दिनः ।
स्तुतिभिश्च परार्ध्याभिरुपचारैश्च शिक्षिताः ॥४१॥

41. sarveṣvapararātreṣu yānanandanta bandinaḥ ,
stutibhiśca parārdhyābhirupacāraiśca śikṣitāḥ.

41. sarveṣu apararātreṣu yān anandanta bandinaḥ
stutibhiḥ ca parārghyābhiḥ upacāraiḥ ca śikṣitāḥ

41. sarveṣu apararātreṣu bandinaḥ parārghyābhiḥ
stutibhiḥ ca upacāraiḥ ca śikṣitāḥ yān anandanta

41. In all the late nights (apararātreṣu), the bards (bandin), who were skilled (śikṣita) with praises (stuti) and most excellent (parārghya) services (upacāra), used to delight (anandanta) those (warriors).

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all, in every

• अपररात्रेषु (apararātreṣu) - in the late nights, in the early mornings

• यान् (yān) - those (warriors) whom (whom, those whom)

• अनन्दन्त (anandanta) - they (the bards) gladdened/delighted them (the warriors) (they gladdened, they delighted, they rejoiced)

• बन्दिनः (bandinaḥ) - bards, panegyrists, praisers

• स्तुतिभिः (stutibhiḥ) - with praises, by eulogies

• च (ca) - and

• परार्घ्याभिः (parārghyābhiḥ) - with most excellent, with invaluable

• उपचारैः (upacāraiḥ) - with courteous services (with services, with courtesies, with offerings)

• च (ca) - and

• शिक्षिताः (śikṣitāḥ) - well-trained (bards) (skilled, trained, taught)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all, in every

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire, universal

Universal pronoun.

Note: Agrees with 'apararātreṣu'.

अपररात्रेषु (apararātreṣu) - in the late nights, in the early mornings

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of apararātra

apararātra - latter part of the night, early morning

Compound of apara (latter) and rātra (night).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (apara+rātra)

• apara – later, subsequent, western, posterior
  adjective
• rātra – night (usually derived from rātri)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates time.

यान् (yān) - those (warriors) whom (whom, those whom)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Relative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'anandanta'.

अनन्दन्त (anandanta) - they (the bards) gladdened/delighted them (the warriors) (they gladdened, they delighted, they rejoiced)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of nand

Imperfect active 3rd person plural of √nand.

Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'bandinaḥ'.

बन्दिनः (bandinaḥ) - bards, panegyrists, praisers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bandin

bandin - bard, panegyrist, praiser, eulogist

Derived from root √bandh (to bind, compose) or √vand (to praise).

Note: Subject of 'anandanta'.

स्तुतिभिः (stutibhiḥ) - with praises, by eulogies

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of stuti

stuti - praise, eulogy, commendation, hymn

From root √stu (to praise) with suffix -ti.

Root: stu (class 2)

Note: Means by which the bards delighted the warriors.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'stutibhiḥ' and 'upacāraiḥ'.

परार्घ्याभिः (parārghyābhiḥ) - with most excellent, with invaluable

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of parārghya

parārghya - most excellent, invaluable, precious, highest-priced

Compound of para (supreme, highest) + arghya (valuable, worthy).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (para+arghya)

• para – supreme, highest, ultimate, excellent
  adjective
• arghya – valuable, worthy, deserving, worth (a certain price)
  adjective
  Gerundive
  From root √arh (to deserve) or derived from argha (value).
  Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'stutibhiḥ' and 'upacāraiḥ'.

उपचारैः (upacāraiḥ) - with courteous services (with services, with courtesies, with offerings)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of upacāra

upacāra - service, attendance, courtesy, offering, treatment, ceremony

From root √car (to move, go) with prefix upa- and suffix -a.

Prefix: upa

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Means by which the bards delighted the warriors.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'stutibhiḥ' and 'upacāraiḥ'.

शिक्षिताः (śikṣitāḥ) - well-trained (bards) (skilled, trained, taught)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śikṣita

śikṣita - taught, instructed, trained, skilled, learned

Past Passive Participle

From root √śikṣ (to learn, to teach).

Root: śikṣ (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'bandinaḥ'.