महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-16, verse-42

तानिमाः परिदेवन्ति दुःखार्ताः परमाङ्गनाः ।
कृपणं वृष्णिशार्दूल दुःखशोकार्दिता भृशम् ॥४२॥

42. tānimāḥ paridevanti duḥkhārtāḥ paramāṅganāḥ ,
kṛpaṇaṁ vṛṣṇiśārdūla duḥkhaśokārditā bhṛśam.

42. tāni imāḥ paridevanti duḥkhārtāḥ paramāṅganāḥ
kṛpaṇam vṛṣṇiśārdūla duḥkhaśokārtitā bhṛśam

42. vṛṣṇiśārdūla imāḥ paramāṅganāḥ duḥkhārtāḥ
duḥkhaśokārtitā bhṛśam tāni kṛpaṇam paridevanti

42. O best of the Vṛṣṇis, these noble women, deeply distressed by sorrow and grief, lament piteously over those [circumstances].

Words meanings summery:

• तानि (tāni) - those [circumstances, events] (those, them)

• इमाः (imāḥ) - these

• परिदेवन्ति (paridevanti) - they lament, they wail

• दुःखार्ताः (duḥkhārtāḥ) - afflicted by sorrow, distressed by pain

• परमाङ्गनाः (paramāṅganāḥ) - excellent women, noble ladies

• कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - piteously, miserably, sadly

• वृष्णिशार्दूल (vṛṣṇiśārdūla) - O Kṛṣṇa (as a prominent figure of the Vṛṣṇi clan) (O tiger among the Vṛṣṇis, O best of the Vṛṣṇis)

• दुःखशोकार्तिता (duḥkhaśokārtitā) - distressed by sorrow and grief, overwhelmed by pain and lamentation

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, intensely

Words meanings and morphology

तानि (tāni) - those [circumstances, events] (those, them)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tat

tat - that, that one, it

Note: Refers to the unspecified causes or events of their lament.

इमाः (imāḥ) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to the women who are lamenting.

परिदेवन्ति (paridevanti) - they lament, they wail

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of paridev

Present active

3rd person plural present active indicative

Prefix: pari

Root: dev (class 1)

Note: The verb of the sentence, with 'imāḥ paramāṅganāḥ' as the subject.

दुःखार्ताः (duḥkhārtāḥ) - afflicted by sorrow, distressed by pain

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of duḥkhārta

duḥkhārta - distressed by pain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+ārta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ऋ (ṛ) to suffer or to go
  Root: ṛ

Note: Modifies 'paramāṅganāḥ'.

परमाङ्गनाः (paramāṅganāḥ) - excellent women, noble ladies

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of paramāṅganā

paramāṅganā - excellent woman

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+aṅganā)

• parama – supreme, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine)
• aṅganā – woman, lady
  noun (feminine)
  Root: aṅg

Note: Subject of 'paridevanti', along with 'imāḥ'.

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - piteously, miserably, sadly

(indeclinable)

Root: kṛp

Note: Modifies the verb 'paridevanti'.

वृष्णिशार्दूल (vṛṣṇiśārdūla) - O Kṛṣṇa (as a prominent figure of the Vṛṣṇi clan) (O tiger among the Vṛṣṇis, O best of the Vṛṣṇis)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vṛṣṇiśārdūla

vṛṣṇiśārdūla - tiger among the Vṛṣṇis (epithet for a prominent Vṛṣṇi warrior, like Kṛṣṇa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛṣṇi+śārdūla)

• vṛṣṇi – name of a Yadava clan
  proper noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger; (figuratively) best of, foremost
  noun (masculine)

Note: An address to a prominent member of the Vṛṣṇi clan, typically Kṛṣṇa.

दुःखशोकार्तिता (duḥkhaśokārtitā) - distressed by sorrow and grief, overwhelmed by pain and lamentation

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of duḥkhaśokārtita

duḥkhaśokārtita - afflicted by sorrow and grief

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+śoka+ārta)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• śoka – grief, lamentation, anguish
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ऋ (ṛ) to suffer or to go
  Root: ṛ

Note: Modifies 'paramāṅganāḥ'.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, intensely

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying 'duḥkhaśokārtitā'.