योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-75, verse-40

शनैरीषदिव क्षुब्धैः सह्योऽसह्यत्वमाययौ ।
मध्यमध्यकचत्कार्ष्ण्यभ्रमद्धूमालिमालितम् ॥ ४० ॥

śanairīṣadiva kṣubdhaiḥ sahyo'sahyatvamāyayau ,
madhyamadhyakacatkārṣṇyabhramaddhūmālimālitam 40

40. śanaiḥ īṣat iva kṣubdhaiḥ sahyaḥ asahyatvam āyayau
madhya-madhya-kacat-kārṣṇya-bhramat-dhūma-āli-mālitam

40. sahyaḥ īṣat iva kṣubdhaiḥ śanaiḥ asahyatvam āyayau
madhya-madhya-kacat-kārṣṇya-bhramat-dhūma-āli-mālitam

40. Gradually, as if slightly agitated, that which was tolerable became unbearable. Its very core was pervaded by masses of swirling, roaring, black smoke.

Words meanings summery:

• शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly, gradually, gently

• ईषत् (īṣat) - slightly, a little, somewhat

• इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

• क्षुब्धैः (kṣubdhaiḥ) - by the agitated, by the disturbed (ones/things)

• सह्यः (sahyaḥ) - tolerable, endurable

• असह्यत्वम् (asahyatvam) - unbearableness, the state of being intolerable

• आययौ (āyayau) - reached, attained, came to be

• मध्य-मध्य-कचत्-कार्ष्ण्य-भ्रमत्-धूम-आलि-मालितम् (madhya-madhya-kacat-kārṣṇya-bhramat-dhūma-āli-mālitam) - pervaded in its very core by masses of swirling, roaring black smoke

Words meanings and morphology

शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly, gradually, gently

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of an instrumental plural form from śana.

ईषत् (īṣat) - slightly, a little, somewhat

(indeclinable)

इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

(indeclinable)

क्षुब्धैः (kṣubdhaiḥ) - by the agitated, by the disturbed (ones/things)

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of kṣubdha

kṣubdha - agitated, disturbed, shaken, excited

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √kṣubh (to be agitated).

Root: √kṣubh (class 1)

सह्यः (sahyaḥ) - tolerable, endurable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahya

sahya - tolerable, endurable, fit to be borne

Gerundive / Potential Passive Participle

Derived from root √sah (to endure, bear) with suffix -ya.

Root: √sah (class 1)

असह्यत्वम् (asahyatvam) - unbearableness, the state of being intolerable

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of asahyatva

asahyatva - unbearableness, intolerability

Formed from 'asahya' (intolerable) with the abstract suffix '-tva'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+sahya+tva)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• sahya – tolerable, endurable
  adjective
  Gerundive / Potential Passive Participle
  Derived from root √sah (to endure, bear).
  Root: √sah (class 1)
• tva – suffix denoting abstract quality, -ness, -hood
  suffix (neuter)

आययौ (āyayau) - reached, attained, came to be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ā-√i

Prefix: ā

Root: √i (class 2)

मध्य-मध्य-कचत्-कार्ष्ण्य-भ्रमत्-धूम-आलि-मालितम् (madhya-madhya-kacat-kārṣṇya-bhramat-dhūma-āli-mālitam) - pervaded in its very core by masses of swirling, roaring black smoke

(adjective)

neuter, singular of madhya-madhya-kacat-kārṣṇya-bhramat-dhūmāli-mālita

madhya-madhya-kacat-kārṣṇya-bhramat-dhūmāli-mālita - pervaded by masses of swirling, roaring black smoke in its very midst

Compound type : descriptive compound (madhya+madhya+kacat+kārṣṇya+bhramat+dhūma+āli+mālita)

• madhya – middle, central, intermediate
  adjective (neuter)
• madhya – middle, central, intermediate
  adjective (neuter)
• kacat – roaring, hissing, shining
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root √kac (to sound, shine).
  Root: √kac (class 1)
• kārṣṇya – blackness, darkness, dark color
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from kṛṣṇa (black).
• bhramat – swirling, wandering, revolving
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root √bhram (to wander, revolve).
  Root: √bhram (class 1)
• dhūma – smoke, vapor
  noun (masculine)
• āli – row, line, series, multitude, garland
  noun (feminine)
• mālita – covered, adorned, garlanded, pervaded
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the noun 'mālā' (garland) with the suffix '-ita', or from the causative of √mṛ (to crush, implying covering).