योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-178, verse-7

कथमप्रतिघं नाम वेदनं प्रतिघात्मकम् ।
इमं देहं चालयति भारं भारहरो यथा ॥ ७ ॥

kathamapratighaṃ nāma vedanaṃ pratighātmakam ,
imaṃ dehaṃ cālayati bhāraṃ bhāraharo yathā 7

7. katham apratigham nāma vedanam pratighātmakam
imam deham cālayati bhāram bhāraharaḥ yathā

7. katham nāma apratigham vedanam pratighātmakam
imam deham cālayati yathā bhāraharaḥ bhāram

7. How does sensation (vedana), which is by nature unimpeded, move this body, which is prone to obstruction, just as a burden-bearer moves a load?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

• अप्रतिघम् (apratigham) - unimpeded (in its own nature) (unimpeded, unopposed, irresistible)

• नाम (nāma) - indeed, by nature (emphasizing the quality) (by name, indeed, namely, so-called)

• वेदनम् (vedanam) - sensation, feeling (of consciousness) (sensation, feeling, knowledge, perception)

• प्रतिघात्मकम् (pratighātmakam) - prone to obstruction, having the nature of resistance/impediment (characterized by obstruction, having the nature of resistance)

• इमम् (imam) - this (current) (this)

• देहम् (deham) - this physical body (body)

• चालयति (cālayati) - causes to move, directs (the body) (moves, causes to move, shakes)

• भारम् (bhāram) - a load, a burden (burden, load, weight)

• भारहरः (bhāraharaḥ) - a burden-bearer (burden-bearer, porter)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in the manner that)

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

अप्रतिघम् (apratigham) - unimpeded (in its own nature) (unimpeded, unopposed, irresistible)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of apratigha

apratigha - unimpeded, irresistible, unopposed

negative compound (na pratigha)

Compound type : nan-tatpurusha (a+pratigha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• pratigha – obstruction, resistance
  noun (masculine)
  from prati + han + ghañ (h to g)
  Prefix: prati
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies vedanam.

नाम (nāma) - indeed, by nature (emphasizing the quality) (by name, indeed, namely, so-called)

(indeclinable)

originally an accusative of nāman, but used as an indeclinable

वेदनम् (vedanam) - sensation, feeling (of consciousness) (sensation, feeling, knowledge, perception)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vedana

vedana - sensation, feeling, knowledge

from vid + lyuṭ (ana)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of cālayati.

प्रतिघात्मकम् (pratighātmakam) - prone to obstruction, having the nature of resistance/impediment (characterized by obstruction, having the nature of resistance)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pratighātmaka

pratighātmaka - having the nature of obstruction/resistance

compound ending in -ātmaka (having the nature of)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pratigha+ātmaka)

• pratigha – obstruction, resistance
  noun (masculine)
  from prati + han + ghañ (h to g)
  Prefix: prati
  Root: han (class 2)
• ātmaka – pertaining to the self, having the nature of
  adjective (masculine)
  from ātman + ika/ka suffix

Note: Qualifies deham.

इमम् (imam) - this (current) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Qualifies deham.

देहम् (deham) - this physical body (body)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body

from dih + ghañ

Root: dih (class 1)

Note: Object of cālayati.

चालयति (cālayati) - causes to move, directs (the body) (moves, causes to move, shakes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of cal

causal

from cal + ṇic (causal)

Root: cal (class 1)

भारम् (bhāram) - a load, a burden (burden, load, weight)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāra

bhāra - burden, load, weight

from bhṛ + ghañ

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of implied verb 'moves'.

भारहरः (bhāraharaḥ) - a burden-bearer (burden-bearer, porter)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhārahara

bhārahara - burden-bearer, porter

tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhāra+hara)

• bhāra – burden, load
  noun (masculine)
  from bhṛ + ghañ
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)
• hara – bearer, remover, taking
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  from hṛ + ac
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied verb.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in the manner that)

(indeclinable)