योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-178, verse-13

कस्मान्न स्थावरं वस्तु प्रस्पन्द्यपि चमत्कृतम् ।
वस्तु जङ्गममेवेह स्पन्दि मात्रेव किं वद ॥ १३ ॥

kasmānna sthāvaraṃ vastu praspandyapi camatkṛtam ,
vastu jaṅgamameveha spandi mātreva kiṃ vada 13

13. kasmāt na sthāvaraṃ vastu praspandya api camatkṛtam
vastu jaṅgamam eva iha spandi mātrā eva kiṃ vada

13. kasmāt sthāvaraṃ vastu praspandya api na camatkṛtam? iha jaṅgamam vastu eva spandi mātrā kim (bhavati)? vada.

13. Why is an inert object (sthāvara), even if it pulsates or moves, not regarded as a marvel? And in this world, is only a mobile object (jaṅgama) truly what moves? Tell me what truly moves.

Words meanings summery:

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what, on what account

• न (na) - not, no

• स्थावरं (sthāvaraṁ) - immovable, stationary, inanimate

• वस्तु (vastu) - object, thing, substance, reality

• प्रस्पन्द्य (praspandya) - even by pulsating (having throbbed, having vibrated)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• चमत्कृतम् (camatkṛtam) - regarded as a marvel (made wonderful, surprised, astonished)

• वस्तु (vastu) - object, thing, substance, reality

• जङ्गमम् (jaṅgamam) - mobile object (movable, animate)

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• स्पन्दि (spandi) - truly what moves (moving, throbbing, that which moves)

• मात्रा (mātrā) - merely, only (by means of)

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• किं (kiṁ) - what, is it that

• वद (vada) - tell, speak

Words meanings and morphology

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what, on what account

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

Note: Used adverbially as 'why'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

स्थावरं (sthāvaraṁ) - immovable, stationary, inanimate

(adjective)

neuter, singular of sthāvara

sthāvara - immovable, stationary, inanimate (referring to plants, mountains, etc.)

From root `sthā` (to stand), with suffix `vara`

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `vastu`.

वस्तु (vastu) - object, thing, substance, reality

(noun)

neuter, singular of vastu

vastu - object, thing, substance, reality

Root: vas (class 1)

प्रस्पन्द्य (praspandya) - even by pulsating (having throbbed, having vibrated)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed with prefix `pra-` and suffix `-ya` for absolutive. Root `spand` (Class 1, `spandate`)

Prefix: pra

Root: spand (class 1)

Note: Used as 'even by throbbing/moving'.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

चमत्कृतम् (camatkṛtam) - regarded as a marvel (made wonderful, surprised, astonished)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of camatkṛta

camatkṛta - made wonderful, astonished, surprised

Past Passive Participle

Formed from `camat-kṛ` (to astonish, wonder) + `kta` suffix. `camat` (sound of astonishment) + `kṛ` (to do/make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वस्तु (vastu) - object, thing, substance, reality

(noun)

neuter, singular of vastu

vastu - object, thing, substance, reality

Root: vas (class 1)

जङ्गमम् (jaṅgamam) - mobile object (movable, animate)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of jaṅgama

jaṅgama - movable, animate, living (opposite of sthāvara)

From root `gam` (to go), by reduplication `jaṅ-gam`.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `vastu`.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

स्पन्दि (spandi) - truly what moves (moving, throbbing, that which moves)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of spandin

spandin - moving, throbbing, vibrating; a mover

From root `spand` (to throb) + suffix `in`.

Root: spand (class 1)

Note: Used as a predicate, 'is that which moves'.

मात्रा (mātrā) - merely, only (by means of)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mātra

mātra - measure, quantity, mere, only; (as suffix) merely, only

`mātra` as an indeclinable or adverbial suffix meaning 'only', 'mere'. Here, `mātrā` is instrumental singular, often used adverbially.

Root: mā (class 3)

Note: When suffixed to a word, `mātra` means 'only that'. Here, `spandi mātrā` means 'merely moving'.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

किं (kiṁ) - what, is it that

(indeclinable)

वद (vada) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vad

Root: vad (class 1)