योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-145, verse-54

तदा निविडतेजोन्तरेवानुभवति स्वयम् ।
सुषुप्तं शैलकोशाभमन्धकूपोदरोपमम् ॥ ५४ ॥

tadā niviḍatejontarevānubhavati svayam ,
suṣuptaṃ śailakośābhamandhakūpodaropamam 54

54. tadā niviḍatejaḥ antare iva anubhavati svayam
suṣuptam śailakośa ābham andhakūpa udara upamam

54. tadā svayam niviḍatejaḥ antare iva suṣuptam
śailakośa ābham andhakūpa udara upamam anubhavati

54. Then, one experiences this state of deep sleep by oneself, as if within an intensely dense light; it resembles a rock-cave and is like the interior of a dark well.

Words meanings summery:

• तदा (tadā) - at that point in the described process (then, at that time)

• निविडतेजः (niviḍatejaḥ) - intensely concentrated inner light (dense light, thick brilliance)

• अन्तरे (antare) - in the midst of, inside (within, inside, between)

• इव (iva) - suggesting a resemblance or comparison (like, as if, as it were)

• अनुभवति (anubhavati) - directly perceives or undergoes (experiences, perceives, feels)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - personally, directly, without external agency (oneself, by oneself, spontaneously)

• सुषुप्तम् (suṣuptam) - the state of profound, dreamless sleep (deep sleep)

• शैलकोश (śailakośa) - a confined, unmoving, and dark cavity like a cave (rock-cave, mountain-cave, stony sheath)

• आभम् (ābham) - like, having the likeness of (resembling, having the appearance of)

• अन्धकूप (andhakūpa) - a deep, dark, and potentially dangerous cavity (dark well, blind well)

• उदर (udara) - the inner part (belly, interior, inside)

• उपमम् (upamam) - having the likeness of (resembling, similar, like)

Words meanings and morphology

तदा (tadā) - at that point in the described process (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

From pronoun `tad` (that) with `dā` suffix.

निविडतेजः (niviḍatejaḥ) - intensely concentrated inner light (dense light, thick brilliance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of niviḍatejas

niviḍatejas - dense light, intense brilliance

Compound of `niviḍa` (dense) and `tejas` (light).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (niviḍa+tejas)

• niviḍa – dense, thick, compact, crowded
  adjective (neuter)
• tejas – brilliance, light, energy, spiritual power
  noun (neuter)
  From root `tij` (to be sharp).
  Root: tij (class 6)

Note: The visarga becomes 'o' before soft consonants, and is dropped before 'a' if followed by 'a', then the 'a' is elided. Here it's `tejaḥ + antare`.

अन्तरे (antare) - in the midst of, inside (within, inside, between)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - interior, within, interval, difference

Note: Used adverbially 'within'.

इव (iva) - suggesting a resemblance or comparison (like, as if, as it were)

(indeclinable)

अनुभवति (anubhavati) - directly perceives or undergoes (experiences, perceives, feels)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of anubhū

Present Tense, 3rd Person, Singular

From root `bhū` (to be) with prefix `anu`.

Prefix: anu

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The implied subject is 'one' or 'the jīva'.

स्वयम् (svayam) - personally, directly, without external agency (oneself, by oneself, spontaneously)

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular of `sva` (self), used adverbially.

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

सुषुप्तम् (suṣuptam) - the state of profound, dreamless sleep (deep sleep)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of suṣupta

suṣupta - deep sleep, fast asleep

Past Passive Participle

From root `sup` (to sleep) with prefix `su` (good, intensely).

Prefix: su

Root: svap (class 2)

शैलकोश (śailakośa) - a confined, unmoving, and dark cavity like a cave (rock-cave, mountain-cave, stony sheath)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śailakośa

śailakośa - rock-cave, mountain-cavity

Compound of `śaila` (rock, mountain) and `kośa` (sheath, cavity, cave).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śaila+kośa)

• śaila – rocky, mountainous; a mountain, rock
  noun (masculine)
  From `śilā` (rock) or `śila` (mountain) with `aṇ` suffix.
• kośa – sheath, treasury, bud, case, cave
  noun (masculine)
  From root `kuṣ` (to embrace, enclose).
  Root: kuṣ (class 1)

Note: This is the first part of a comparison, `śailakośa ābham`.

आभम् (ābham) - like, having the likeness of (resembling, having the appearance of)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ābha

ābha - resembling, like, having the appearance of

From `ābhā` (light, splendor) or derived from root `bhā` (to shine) with prefix `ā`.

Prefix: ā

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Forms part of the compound `śailakośābham` in the original text.

अन्धकूप (andhakūpa) - a deep, dark, and potentially dangerous cavity (dark well, blind well)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of andhakūpa

andhakūpa - blind well, dark well, obscure well

Compound of `andha` (blind, dark) and `kūpa` (well).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (andha+kūpa)

• andha – blind, dark, obscure
  adjective (masculine)
• kūpa – well, pit, hole
  noun (masculine)
  From root `kūp` (to project).
  Root: kūp (class 1)

Note: This is the first part of `andhakūpodara-upamam`.

उदर (udara) - the inner part (belly, interior, inside)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udara

udara - belly, abdomen, interior, inside

Note: Part of the compound `andhakūpodaropamam`.

उपमम् (upamam) - having the likeness of (resembling, similar, like)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of upama

upama - resembling, similar, like, comparable

From root `mā` (to measure) with prefix `upa`.

Prefix: upa

Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Forms part of the compound `andhakūpodaropamam` in the original text.

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