योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-80, verse-2

मन्त्र्युवाच ।
शृणु तोयदसंकाशे प्रश्नमेतं भिनद्मि ते ।
अनुक्रमात्मकं मत्तं गजेन्द्रमिव केसरी ॥ २ ॥

mantryuvāca ,
śṛṇu toyadasaṃkāśe praśnametaṃ bhinadmi te ,
anukramātmakaṃ mattaṃ gajendramiva kesarī 2

2. mantrī uvāca śṛṇu toyadasaṃkāśe praśnam etam bhinadmi
te anukramātmakam mattam gajendram iva kesarī

2. mantrī uvāca toyadasaṃkāśe śṛṇu te etam anukramātmakam
praśnam mattam gajendram iva kesarī bhinadmi

2. The minister said: 'Listen, O you who resemble a cloud! I will dismantle this sequential question for you, just as a lion (kesarī) would a maddened lord of elephants (gajendra).'

Words meanings summery:

• मन्त्री (mantrī) - The minister who is speaking. (minister)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - An imperative command to the demoness. (listen! hear!)

• तोयदसंकाशे (toyadasaṁkāśe) - Addressing the demoness, comparing her to a cloud (perhaps due to her voice or appearance). (O cloud-like one, O one resembling a cloud)

• प्रश्नम् (praśnam) - The question posed by the demoness. (question)

• एतम् (etam) - This particular question. (this)

• भिनद्मि (bhinadmi) - The minister will clarify or explain the complex question. (I break, I divide, I dissect, I clarify)

• ते (te) - For the demoness. (to you, for you)

• अनुक्रमात्मकम् (anukramātmakam) - Describes the nature of the question, implying it is intricate and requires a systematic response. (sequential, methodical, composed of parts/steps)

• मत्तम् (mattam) - Refers to an elephant in musth, a state of heightened aggression. (intoxicated, maddened, wild)

• गजेन्द्रम् (gajendram) - The target of the lion's action in the simile. (lord of elephants, great elephant)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• केसरी (kesarī) - The agent in the simile, representing the minister. (lion)

Words meanings and morphology

मन्त्री (mantrī) - The minister who is speaking. (minister)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mantrin

mantrin - minister, counselor

Nominative singular of 'mantrin'

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect third person singular

From root 'vac' (to speak), liṭ-lakāra, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - An imperative command to the demoness. (listen! hear!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Imperative second person singular

From root 'śru' (to hear), loṭ-lakāra (Imperative Mood), 2nd person singular

Root: śru (class 5)

तोयदसंकाशे (toyadasaṁkāśe) - Addressing the demoness, comparing her to a cloud (perhaps due to her voice or appearance). (O cloud-like one, O one resembling a cloud)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of toyadasaṃkāśā

toyadasaṁkāśā - resembling a cloud, cloud-like

Vocative singular feminine of 'toyadasaṃkāśā' (toyada + saṃkāśa)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (toyada+saṃkāśa)

• toyada – cloud (water-giver)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'toya' (water) + 'da' (giver)
  Root: dā (class 3)
• saṃkāśa – resembling, like
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'sam' (prefix) + root 'kāś' (to appear, shine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Epithet for the demoness.

प्रश्नम् (praśnam) - The question posed by the demoness. (question)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of praśna

praśna - question, query

Accusative singular of 'praśna'

Prefix: pra

Root: praś (class 9)

एतम् (etam) - This particular question. (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Accusative masculine singular of 'etad'

भिनद्मि (bhinadmi) - The minister will clarify or explain the complex question. (I break, I divide, I dissect, I clarify)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhid

Present first person singular

From root 'bhid' (to break), laṭ-lakāra (Present Tense), 1st person singular

Root: bhid (class 7)

ते (te) - For the demoness. (to you, for you)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Dative/Genitive singular of 'yuṣmad'

Note: Often used as an enclitic pronoun.

अनुक्रमात्मकम् (anukramātmakam) - Describes the nature of the question, implying it is intricate and requires a systematic response. (sequential, methodical, composed of parts/steps)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anukramātmaka

anukramātmaka - sequential, methodical

Accusative masculine singular of 'anukramātmaka' (anu + krama + ātman + ka)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (anu+krama+ātman+ka)

• anu – after, according to
  indeclinable
  Prefix
  Prefix: anu
• krama – order, sequence, step
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kram' (to step)
  Root: kram (class 1)
• ātman – self, essence, nature, (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Stem used in compound
  Root: an
• ka – (suffix forming adjective)
  suffix
  Primary suffix

Note: Describes the question as having a detailed, sequential nature.

मत्तम् (mattam) - Refers to an elephant in musth, a state of heightened aggression. (intoxicated, maddened, wild)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of matta

matta - intoxicated, maddened, wild

Past Passive Participle

Accusative masculine singular of 'matta', from root 'mad' (to be intoxicated) + -kta suffix

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Used as an adjective for the elephant.

गजेन्द्रम् (gajendram) - The target of the lion's action in the simile. (lord of elephants, great elephant)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gajendra

gajendra - lord of elephants, great elephant

Accusative singular of 'gajendra' (gaja + indra)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (gaja+indra)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'gaj' (to sound)
  Root: gaj (class 1)
• indra – chief, lord, (Indra)
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'id' (to see), or 'ind' (to be powerful)
  Root: ind

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

केसरी (kesarī) - The agent in the simile, representing the minister. (lion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kesarin

kesarin - lion (having a mane)

Nominative singular of 'kesarin' (from kesara 'mane' + -in suffix)