योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-80, verse-18

गच्छन्न गच्छत्येषोऽणुर्योजनौघगतोऽपि सन् ।
संवित्त्या योजनौघत्वं तस्याणोरन्तरे स्थितम् ॥ १८ ॥

gacchanna gacchatyeṣo'ṇuryojanaughagato'pi san ,
saṃvittyā yojanaughatvaṃ tasyāṇorantare sthitam 18

18. gacchan na gacchati eṣaḥ aṇuḥ yojanaughagataḥ api san
saṃvittyā yojanaughatvam tasya aṇoḥ antare sthitam

18. eṣaḥ aṇuḥ gacchan api yojanaughagataḥ san,
na gacchati.
saṃvittyā tasya aṇoḥ antare yojanaughatvam sthitam.

18. Even when moving, this subtle particle does not truly move, though it may appear to have traversed vast distances. Through consciousness, the vastness of these distances is actually contained within that very subtle particle.

Words meanings summery:

• गच्छन् (gacchan) - going, moving

• न (na) - not, no

• गच्छति (gacchati) - goes, moves

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine)

• अणुः (aṇuḥ) - subtle particle (atom, subtle particle, minute particle)

• योजनौघगतः (yojanaughagataḥ) - having traversed multitudes of yojanas, having gone over vast distances

• अपि (api) - even though (even, also, though)

• सन् (san) - even though being (being, existing)

• संवित्त्या (saṁvittyā) - through consciousness (by consciousness, by perception, by understanding)

• योजनौघत्वम् (yojanaughatvam) - the vastness of these distances (the state of having traversed multitudes of yojanas, the nature of vast distances)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (of that, its)

• अणोः (aṇoḥ) - of that subtle particle (of the atom, of the subtle particle)

• अन्तरे (antare) - within (within, inside, in the middle of)

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - contained (situated, stood, existing)

Words meanings and morphology

गच्छन् (gacchan) - going, moving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gam

gam - to go, to move

Present Active Participle

Root 'gam' (1st P), suffix 'śatṛ'.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'eṣaḥ aṇuḥ'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'gacchati'.

गच्छति (gacchati) - goes, moves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Present active indicative

Root 'gam' (1st P), 'ti' ending.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject.

अणुः (aṇuḥ) - subtle particle (atom, subtle particle, minute particle)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṇu

aṇu - atom, subtle particle, minute, small

Note: Subject.

योजनौघगतः (yojanaughagataḥ) - having traversed multitudes of yojanas, having gone over vast distances

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yojanaughagata

yojanaughagata - having gone over a multitude of yojanas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yojana+ogha+gata)

• yojana – a measure of distance (approx 8-10 miles)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• ogha – flood, multitude, collection
  noun (masculine)
  Root: uh (class 1)
• gata – gone, past, reached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'gam' (to go) + suffix 'kta'.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'eṣaḥ aṇuḥ'.

अपि (api) - even though (even, also, though)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `yojanaughagataḥ san` to the main clause.

सन् (san) - even though being (being, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of as

as - to be, to exist

Present Active Participle

Root 'as' (2nd P), suffix 'śatṛ'.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'eṣaḥ aṇuḥ'.

संवित्त्या (saṁvittyā) - through consciousness (by consciousness, by perception, by understanding)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of saṃvitti

saṁvitti - consciousness, perception, understanding, knowledge

From 'sam' + root 'vid' (to know) + suffix 'kti'.

Prefix: sam

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Indicates the means.

योजनौघत्वम् (yojanaughatvam) - the vastness of these distances (the state of having traversed multitudes of yojanas, the nature of vast distances)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yojanaughatva

yojanaughatva - the state of having traversed multitudes of yojanas, the condition of being vast distances

Compound noun ending with '-tva' (abstract noun suffix).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yojanaugha+tva)

• yojanaugha – multitude of yojanas, vast distance
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'yojana' and 'ogha'.
• tva – -ness, -hood, state, nature (suffix forming abstract nouns)
  suffix (neuter)
  Abstract noun suffix.

Note: Subject of 'sthitam'.

तस्य (tasya) - of that (of that, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Possessive, modifies 'aṇoḥ'.

अणोः (aṇoḥ) - of that subtle particle (of the atom, of the subtle particle)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of aṇu

aṇu - atom, subtle particle, minute, small

Note: Dependent on 'antare'.

अन्तरे (antare) - within (within, inside, in the middle of)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - interior, middle, interval, inside

Note: Locative indicating place.

स्थितम् (sthitam) - contained (situated, stood, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, existing, remaining

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand) + suffix 'kta'.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicate of 'yojanaughatvam'.