योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-54, verse-51

क्रमाच्छयामलतां यान्ति तस्य सर्वाक्षसंविदः ।
यथास्तं गच्छति रवौ मन्दालोकतया दिशं ॥ ५१ ॥

kramācchayāmalatāṃ yānti tasya sarvākṣasaṃvidaḥ ,
yathāstaṃ gacchati ravau mandālokatayā diśaṃ 51

51. kramāt śyāmalatām yānti tasya sarvākṣasaṃvidaḥ
yathā astam gacchati ravau manda-ālokatayā diśam

51. tasya sarvākṣasaṃvidaḥ kramāt śyāmalatām yānti
yathā ravau astam gacchati mandālokatayā diśam

51. Gradually, his perceptions of all senses attain a state of dullness, just as, when the sun sets, the direction (diśam) becomes dim due to the fading light.

51. בהדרגה מחשיכות כל תפיסות חושיו, כשם שהרוחות מחשיכות כאשר השמש שוקעת ואורה דועך.

Words meanings summery:

• क्रमात् (kramāt) - gradually, in due course, in succession, by degrees

• श्यामलताम् (śyāmalatām) - dullness, darkness, duskiness

• यान्ति (yānti) - go, attain, reach, proceed

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

• सर्वाक्षसंविदः (sarvākṣasaṁvidaḥ) - perceptions of all senses

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• अस्तम् (astam) - in the context of the sun setting (setting, disappearance, going home)

• गच्छति (gacchati) - is setting (in reference to the sun) (goes, is going)

• रवौ (ravau) - when the sun (is setting) (in the sun, when the sun)

• मन्दालोकतया (mandālokatayā) - due to dim light, by means of dim light

• दिशम् (diśam) - the quarter of the sky, or visibility in that direction (direction, quarter)

Words meanings and morphology

क्रमात् (kramāt) - gradually, in due course, in succession, by degrees

(indeclinable)

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially.

श्यामलताम् (śyāmalatām) - dullness, darkness, duskiness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śyāmalatā

śyāmalatā - dullness, darkness, blackness, gloominess

Derived from śyāmala (dark, dusky) + -tā (suffix for abstract noun)

Note: Object of 'yānti'.

यान्ति (yānti) - go, attain, reach, proceed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Modifies 'sarvākṣasaṃvidaḥ'.

सर्वाक्षसंविदः (sarvākṣasaṁvidaḥ) - perceptions of all senses

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarvākṣasaṃvid

sarvākṣasaṁvid - perception or cognition of all senses

Compound: sarva (all) + akṣa (sense organ) + saṃvid (consciousness, perception)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+akṣa+saṃvid)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• akṣa – sense organ (especially eye), axis, die
  noun (neuter)
• saṃvid – consciousness, knowledge, perception, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from sam-vid- 'to know together'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'yānti'.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the simile.

अस्तम् (astam) - in the context of the sun setting (setting, disappearance, going home)

(indeclinable)

Note: Forms part of the idiom 'astam gam' (to set).

गच्छति (gacchati) - is setting (in reference to the sun) (goes, is going)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction.

रवौ (ravau) - when the sun (is setting) (in the sun, when the sun)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ravi

ravi - sun, sun-god

Note: Forms locative absolute with 'gacchati'.

मन्दालोकतया (mandālokatayā) - due to dim light, by means of dim light

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mandālokata

mandālokata - state of having dim light

Derived from manda-āloka (dim light) + -tā (suffix for abstract noun)

Compound type : tatpurusha (manda+āloka)

• manda – slow, dull, dim, faint
  adjective (masculine)
• āloka – light, sight, seeing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ā-lok- 'to perceive'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Expresses cause/reason.

दिशम् (diśam) - the quarter of the sky, or visibility in that direction (direction, quarter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky, space

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of an implied verb like 'becomes' or 'is affected'.

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