योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-54, verse-34

प्रबुद्धलीलोवाच ।
मरणं मे समासेन कथयेन्दुसमानने ।
किं सुखं मरणं किं वा दुःखं मृत्वा च किं भवेत् ॥ ३४ ॥

prabuddhalīlovāca ,
maraṇaṃ me samāsena kathayendusamānane ,
kiṃ sukhaṃ maraṇaṃ kiṃ vā duḥkhaṃ mṛtvā ca kiṃ bhavet 34

34. prabuddhalīlaḥ uvāca | maraṇam
me samāsena kathaya indusamānanē
| kim sukham maraṇam kim vā
duḥkham mṛtvā ca kim bhavet ||

34. indusamānanē me maraṇam samāsena kathaya maraṇam
kim sukham vā kim duḥkham ca mṛtvā kim bhavet

34. Prabuddhalīla said: O moon-faced one, please tell me briefly about death. Is death pleasant or sorrowful, and what happens after one dies?

Words meanings summery:

• प्रबुद्धलीलः (prabuddhalīlaḥ) - Prabuddhalīla (name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

• मे (me) - to me, my, for me

• समासेन (samāsena) - briefly, concisely, in short

• कथय (kathaya) - tell, narrate

• इन्दुसमानने (indusamānanē) - Addressing Śrīdevī (O moon-faced one)

• किम् (kim) - what, whether

• सुखम् (sukham) - pleasant (as an adjective modifying 'death') (pleasant, happiness, ease)

• मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

• किम् (kim) - what, whether

• वा (vā) - or, either

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrowful (as an adjective modifying 'death') (suffering, sorrow, pain; sorrowful, painful)

• मृत्वा (mṛtvā) - having died

• च (ca) - and, also

• किम् (kim) - what, whether

• भवेत् (bhavet) - happens (may be, should be, happens)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रबुद्धलीलः (prabuddhalīlaḥ) - Prabuddhalīla (name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabuddhalīla

prabuddhalīla - The one whose sport/play (līlā) is awakened/enlightened (prabuddha)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prabuddha+līla)

• prabuddha – awakened, enlightened, manifest
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra-√budh (to awaken, perceive)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: budh (class 1)
• līla – play, sport, divine play
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, third person singular

Irregular perfect formation from root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, act of dying

From root mṛ (to die) + -ana suffix

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Used twice in the verse, first as object, then as subject.

मे (me) - to me, my, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic form of asmad

समासेन (samāsena) - briefly, concisely, in short

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of samāsa

samāsa - compound, conciseness, summary

From sam-√as (to throw together, combine)

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Functions adverbially.

कथय (kathaya) - tell, narrate

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kath

Present imperative, second person singular, active voice

From denominative root kathā (story) or root kath itself (10th class).

Root: kath (class 10)

इन्दुसमानने (indusamānanē) - Addressing Śrīdevī (O moon-faced one)

(adjective)

Vocative, feminine, singular of indusamānana

indusamānana - having a face like the moon

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (indu+samānana)

• indu – moon
  noun (masculine)
• samānana – having a similar face, like-faced
  adjective (neuter)
  From sama (similar) + ānana (face)

किम् (kim) - what, whether

(interrogative pronoun)

Note: Pertains to 'sukham maraṇam'.

सुखम् (sukham) - pleasant (as an adjective modifying 'death') (pleasant, happiness, ease)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, ease; pleasant, happy, easy

मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, act of dying

From root mṛ (to die) + -ana suffix

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

किम् (kim) - what, whether

(interrogative pronoun)

Note: Pertains to 'duḥkham'.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrowful (as an adjective modifying 'death') (suffering, sorrow, pain; sorrowful, painful)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow; difficult, painful, sorrowful

मृत्वा (mṛtvā) - having died

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root mṛ (to die) + -tvā suffix

Root: mṛ (class 6)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - what, whether

(interrogative pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - happens (may be, should be, happens)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative mood, third person singular, active voice

From root bhū (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)