योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-54, verse-30

स्वकर्मधर्मे ह्रसति हसत्यायुर्नृणामिह ।
वृद्धे वृद्धिमुपायाति सममेव भवेत्समे ॥ ३० ॥

svakarmadharme hrasati hasatyāyurnṛṇāmiha ,
vṛddhe vṛddhimupāyāti samameva bhavetsame 30

30. svakarmadharme hrasati hasati āyuḥ nṛṇām iha
vṛddhe vṛddhim upayāti samam eva bhavet same

30. iha nṛṇām svakarmadharme hrasati,
āyuḥ hasati; vṛddhe (svakarmadharme),
vṛddhim upayāti; same (svakarmadharme),
samam eva bhavet.

30. In this world, when the intrinsic nature (svakarmadharma) of humans declines, their lifespan diminishes. When it flourishes, their lifespan increases, and when it is balanced, it remains balanced.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वकर्मधर्मे (svakarmadharme) - in one's own natural law of action, in one's own prescribed duty

• ह्रसति (hrasati) - declines, diminishes, shrinks

• हसति (hasati) - decreases, diminishes

• आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan, life, duration of life

• नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men, of humans

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this context

• वृद्धे (vṛddhe) - when it increases, in the increase

• वृद्धिम् (vṛddhim) - increase, growth

• उपयाति (upayāti) - obtains, attains, approaches

• समम् (samam) - equally, evenly, same

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

• भवेत् (bhavet) - it should be, it would be, it may be

• समे (same) - when it is equal, in equality, in balance

Words meanings and morphology

स्वकर्मधर्मे (svakarmadharme) - in one's own natural law of action, in one's own prescribed duty

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svakarmadharma

svakarmadharma - one's own prescribed duty, one's own natural law (dharma) in action, the proper function of one's deeds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+karma+dharma)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• karma – action, deed, work, ritual action (karma)
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue (dharma)
  noun (masculine)

ह्रसति (hrasati) - declines, diminishes, shrinks

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of hras

Present active indicative

root hras (1st class) + -a + -ti

Root: hras (class 1)

हसति (hasati) - decreases, diminishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of hras

Present active indicative

root hras (1st class) + -a + -ti

Root: hras (class 1)

Note: This form 'hasati' is often seen as a phonetic variant or a mistake for 'hrasati' in some texts, but it functions identically here.

आयुः (āyuḥ) - lifespan, life, duration of life

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āyus

āyus - life, vital power, duration of life, lifespan

नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of men, of humans

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ

nṛ - man, human being

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this context

(indeclinable)

वृद्धे (vṛddhe) - when it increases, in the increase

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - grown, increased, old, augmented

Past Passive Participle

root vṛdh + -ta

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, implying "when it (svakarmadharma) has increased/is increasing".

वृद्धिम् (vṛddhim) - increase, growth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛddhi

vṛddhi - growth, increase, prosperity, augmentation

उपयाति (upayāti) - obtains, attains, approaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of upa-√yā

Present active indicative

root yā (2nd class) + -ti. upa is prefix.

Prefix: upa

Root: yā (class 2)

समम् (samam) - equally, evenly, same

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sama

sama - equal, same, even, similar

Note: Used adverbially.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

भवेत् (bhavet) - it should be, it would be, it may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative active

root bhū (1st class) + -e + -t

Root: bhū (class 1)

समे (same) - when it is equal, in equality, in balance

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sama

sama - equal, same, even, similar

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, implying "when it (svakarmadharma) is equal".