योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-54, verse-2

आधिभौतिकदेहत्वं मिथ्याभ्रममयात्मकम् ।
कथं सत्ये स्थितिं याति च्छायास्ते कथमातपे ॥ २ ॥

ādhibhautikadehatvaṃ mithyābhramamayātmakam ,
kathaṃ satye sthitiṃ yāti cchāyāste kathamātape 2

2. ādhibhautikadehatvaṃ mithyābhramamayātmakam kathaṃ
satye sthitiṃ yāti cchāyā āste katham ātape

2. ādhibhautikadehatvaṃ mithyābhramamayātmakam satye
sthitiṃ kathaṃ yāti cchāyā ātape katham āste

2. How can the state of having a material body, which is inherently illusory and born of false delusion, achieve stability in reality? How, indeed, can a shadow exist in direct sunlight?

Words meanings summery:

• आधिभौतिकदेहत्वं (ādhibhautikadehatvaṁ) - The illusory nature of the physical body, which is subject to the elements and other beings. (the state of being a material body, materiality)

• मिथ्याभ्रममयात्मकम् (mithyābhramamayātmakam) - Describing the nature of the physical body as an illusion, composed of erroneous perception. (made of false delusion, consisting of illusory error)

• कथं (kathaṁ) - An interrogative adverb seeking an explanation for the possibility. (how?)

• सत्ये (satye) - Referring to the ultimate, unchanging reality. (in truth, in reality, in existence)

• स्थितिं (sthitiṁ) - The quality of being firm, fixed, or lasting. (state, position, stability, existence)

• याति (yāti) - How can something illusory 'attain' or 'reach' a state of reality/stability? (goes, attains, reaches)

• च्छाया (cchāyā) - A metaphor for something unsubstantial or illusory. (shadow, reflection, image)

• आस्ते (āste) - How can a shadow maintain its existence or presence when exposed to light? (remains, exists, sits)

• कथम् (katham) - An interrogative adverb seeking an explanation for the impossibility. (how?)

• आतपे (ātape) - The environment where a shadow cannot persist. (in sunlight, in heat, in the sun)

Words meanings and morphology

आधिभौतिकदेहत्वं (ādhibhautikadehatvaṁ) - The illusory nature of the physical body, which is subject to the elements and other beings. (the state of being a material body, materiality)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ādhibhautikadehatva

ādhibhautikadehatva - the state or condition of being a material body, materiality related to physical beings

Derived from `ādhibhautikadeha` with the abstract suffix `-tva`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ādhibhautika+deha+tva)

• ādhibhautika – pertaining to living beings, material, physical, relating to the elements
  adjective (masculine, feminine, neuter)
  Derived from `adhibhūta` with the suffix `-ika`.
• deha – body, physical frame
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dih (class 1)
• tva – suffix denoting state, condition, or abstract quality; -ness, -hood
  
  Suffix forming abstract noun.

मिथ्याभ्रममयात्मकम् (mithyābhramamayātmakam) - Describing the nature of the physical body as an illusion, composed of erroneous perception. (made of false delusion, consisting of illusory error)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mithyābhramamayātmaka

mithyābhramamayātmaka - having the nature of being composed of false delusion

Compound adjective describing the nature of an object.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mithyā+bhrama+maya+ātmaka)

• mithyā – falsely, wrongly, illusory, untrue
  indeclinable
• bhrama – delusion, error, illusion, wandering
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhram (class 1)
• maya – made of, consisting of, full of
  adjective (masculine, feminine, neuter)
  Suffix forming adjectives.
• ātmaka – having the nature of, consisting of, forming the essence of
  adjective (masculine, feminine, neuter)
  Derived from `ātman` + `-ka` suffix.

कथं (kathaṁ) - An interrogative adverb seeking an explanation for the possibility. (how?)

(indeclinable)

सत्ये (satye) - Referring to the ultimate, unchanging reality. (in truth, in reality, in existence)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, existence, genuine

स्थितिं (sthitiṁ) - The quality of being firm, fixed, or lasting. (state, position, stability, existence)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sthiti

sthiti - state, position, stability, permanence, existence

Derived from root `sthā`.

Root: sthā (class 1)

याति (yāti) - How can something illusory 'attain' or 'reach' a state of reality/stability? (goes, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (Laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

च्छाया (cchāyā) - A metaphor for something unsubstantial or illusory. (shadow, reflection, image)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of cchāyā

cchāyā - shadow, shade, reflection, image

आस्ते (āste) - How can a shadow maintain its existence or presence when exposed to light? (remains, exists, sits)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (Laṭ) of ās

Root: ās (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - An interrogative adverb seeking an explanation for the impossibility. (how?)

(indeclinable)

आतपे (ātape) - The environment where a shadow cannot persist. (in sunlight, in heat, in the sun)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ātapa

ātapa - sunlight, heat, sunshine