योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-54, verse-40

यदा घर्घरकण्ठत्वं वैरूप्यं दृष्टिवर्णजम् ।
गच्छत्येषोऽविवेकात्मा तदा भवति दीनधीः ॥ ४० ॥

yadā ghargharakaṇṭhatvaṃ vairūpyaṃ dṛṣṭivarṇajam ,
gacchatyeṣo'vivekātmā tadā bhavati dīnadhīḥ 40

40. yadā ghargharakkaṇṭhatvam vairūpyam dṛṣṭivarṇajam
gacchati eṣaḥ avivekātmā tadā bhavati dīnadhiḥ

40. yadā eṣaḥ avivekātmā ghargharakkaṇṭhatvam
dṛṣṭivarṇajam vairūpyam gacchati tadā dīnadhiḥ bhavati

40. When this individual, whose inner being (ātman) is characterized by a lack of discernment, experiences a gurgling sound in the throat and a disfigurement arising from changes in vision and complexion, then he becomes faint-minded.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• घर्घरक्कण्ठत्वम् (ghargharakkaṇṭhatvam) - the state of having a gurgling or hoarse throat

• वैरूप्यम् (vairūpyam) - deformity, ugliness, disfigurement

• दृष्टिवर्णजम् (dṛṣṭivarṇajam) - born of (changes in) sight and color/complexion

• गच्छति (gacchati) - goes, attains, reaches, experiences

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one, he

• अविवेकात्मा (avivekātmā) - one whose self is indiscrimination, lacking discernment

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, happens, is

• दीनधिः (dīnadhiḥ) - faint-minded, weak-witted, miserable-minded

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

घर्घरक्कण्ठत्वम् (ghargharakkaṇṭhatvam) - the state of having a gurgling or hoarse throat

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghargharakkaṇṭhatva

ghargharakkaṇṭhatva - hoarseness of throat, gurgling sound in the throat, the state of having a rough/gurgling voice

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gharghara+kaṇṭha+tva)

• gharghara – gurgling, rattling, roaring sound
  adjective
• kaṇṭha – throat, neck, voice
  noun (masculine)
• tva – -ness, -hood, state of being
  suffix (neuter)
  forms abstract noun

वैरूप्यम् (vairūpyam) - deformity, ugliness, disfigurement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vairūpya

vairūpya - deformity, ugliness, disfigurement, dissimilarity

derived from virūpa (deformed) + ya suffix

दृष्टिवर्णजम् (dṛṣṭivarṇajam) - born of (changes in) sight and color/complexion

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dṛṣṭivarṇaja

dṛṣṭivarṇaja - arising from (changes in) sight and complexion

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dṛṣṭi+varṇa+ja)

• dṛṣṭi – sight, vision, eye, view
  noun (feminine)
  Root: dṛś
• varṇa – color, complexion, class, letter
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛ
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

गच्छति (gacchati) - goes, attains, reaches, experiences

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this

अविवेकात्मा (avivekātmā) - one whose self is indiscrimination, lacking discernment

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avivekātman

avivekātman - one whose nature is indiscrimination, lacking discernment (viveka)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aviveka+ātman)

• aviveka – indiscrimination, lack of discernment
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, happens, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

दीनधिः (dīnadhiḥ) - faint-minded, weak-witted, miserable-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīnadhi

dīnadhi - one with a wretched/weak intellect/mind

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīna+dhī)

• dīna – wretched, miserable, poor, humble
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: dī
• dhī – intellect, mind, understanding, thought
  noun (feminine)

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