योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-54, verse-69

कोऽद्ययावन्मृतं ब्रूहि चेतनं कस्य किं कथम् ।
म्रियन्ते देहलक्षाणि चेतनं स्थितमक्षयम् ॥ ६९ ॥

ko'dyayāvanmṛtaṃ brūhi cetanaṃ kasya kiṃ katham ,
mriyante dehalakṣāṇi cetanaṃ sthitamakṣayam 69

69. kaḥ adya-yāvat mṛtam brūhi cetanam kasya kim katham
mriyante deha-lakṣāṇi cetanam sthitam akṣayam

69. brūhi kaḥ adya-yāvat mṛtam cetanam kasya kim katham
deha-lakṣāṇi mriyante cetanam akṣayam sthitam

69. Tell me, who, what, or how has a conscious (cetana) being died until today, or whose (consciousness has died)? Hundreds of thousands of bodies (deha) die, but the conscious (cetana) being remains imperishable (akṣaya).

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• अद्य-यावत् (adya-yāvat) - until today, up to now

• मृतम् (mṛtam) - dead, deceased

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say, speak

• चेतनम् (cetanam) - the conscious being, consciousness

• कस्य (kasya) - (whose consciousness has died?) (whose, of what, of whom)

• किम् (kim) - (what kind of conscious being?) (what? why?)

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - they die, are dying

• देह-लक्षाणि (deha-lakṣāṇi) - hundreds of thousands of bodies, countless bodies

• चेतनम् (cetanam) - the conscious being, consciousness

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - remains, stands, is situated

• अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable, undecaying, indestructible

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(interrogative pronoun)

अद्य-यावत् (adya-yāvat) - until today, up to now

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'adya' (today) and 'yāvat' (as far as, until)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (adya+yāvat)

• adya – today
  indeclinable
• yāvat – as long as, as far as, until
  indeclinable

मृतम् (mṛtam) - dead, deceased

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, died

Past Passive Participle

From root 'mṛ'

Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'cetanam'

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

चेतनम् (cetanam) - the conscious being, consciousness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cetana

cetana - conscious, sentient, intelligence, consciousness

From root 'cit'

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Used as the object of 'mṛtam' (what is dead? the conscious being).

कस्य (kasya) - (whose consciousness has died?) (whose, of what, of whom)

(interrogative pronoun)

किम् (kim) - (what kind of conscious being?) (what? why?)

(interrogative pronoun)

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - they die, are dying

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of mṛ

Root: mṛ (class 1)

देह-लक्षाणि (deha-lakṣāṇi) - hundreds of thousands of bodies, countless bodies

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of deha-lakṣa

deha-lakṣa - a hundred thousand bodies, countless bodies

Compound type : tatpurusha (deha+lakṣa)

• deha – body, form, mass
  noun (masculine)
• lakṣa – a hundred thousand
  noun (neuter)

चेतनम् (cetanam) - the conscious being, consciousness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cetana

cetana - conscious, sentient, intelligence, consciousness

From root 'cit'

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Used as the subject of 'sthitam'.

स्थितम् (sthitam) - remains, stands, is situated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, remaining, existing

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā'

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'cetanam'.

अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable, undecaying, indestructible

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akṣaya

akṣaya - imperishable, undecaying, indestructible

Negated compound: 'a' (not) + 'kṣaya' (decay, destruction)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣaya)

• a – not, non-
  prefix
• kṣaya – decay, destruction, loss
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kṣi'
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'cetanam'.