वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-63, verse-28

तस्य बाणचयं प्राप्य न शोकेरतिवर्तितुम् ।
वानरेन्द्रा महात्मानो वेलामिव महोदधिः ॥२८॥

28. tasya bāṇacayaṃ prāpya na śokerativartitum ,
vānarendrā mahātmāno velāmiva mahodadhiḥ.

28. tasya bāṇacayam prāpya na śokaiḥ ativartitum
vānarāindrāḥ mahātmānaḥ velām iva mahodadhiḥ

28. tasya bāṇacayam prāpya mahātmānaḥ vānarāindrāḥ
śokaiḥ ativartitum na velām iva mahodadhiḥ

28. Having received his volley of arrows, the noble chiefs of the monkeys were not to be overcome by sorrow, just as the great ocean does not transgress its shore.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the enemy) (his, its)

• बाणचयम् (bāṇacayam) - a volley of arrows (an accumulation of arrows, a volley of arrows)

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having received (having obtained, having reached, having received)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• शोकैः (śokaiḥ) - by sorrows (by sorrows, by griefs)

• अतिवर्तितुम् (ativartitum) - to be overcome (by sorrows) (to overcome, to transgress, to pass beyond)

• वानराइन्द्राः (vānarāindrāḥ) - chiefs of monkeys (chiefs of monkeys, monkey lords)

• महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - noble (great-souled, noble, magnanimous)

• वेलाम् (velām) - its shore/limit (shore, limit, boundary, edge)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• महोदधिः (mahodadhiḥ) - the great ocean

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the enemy) (his, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the opponent.

बाणचयम् (bāṇacayam) - a volley of arrows (an accumulation of arrows, a volley of arrows)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāṇacaya

bāṇacaya - a collection/accumulation of arrows, a volley of arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (bāṇa+caya)

• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• caya – collection, accumulation, heap
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ci (class 5)

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having received (having obtained, having reached, having received)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from pra-āp + ya

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the action of 'ativartitum'.

शोकैः (śokaiḥ) - by sorrows (by sorrows, by griefs)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means or cause by which they are not overcome.

अतिवर्तितुम् (ativartitum) - to be overcome (by sorrows) (to overcome, to transgress, to pass beyond)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

formed from ati-vṛt + tumun suffix

Prefix: ati

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The infinitive here implies a potentiality or capability.

वानराइन्द्राः (vānarāindrāḥ) - chiefs of monkeys (chiefs of monkeys, monkey lords)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vānarāindra

vānarāindra - chief of monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (vānara+indra)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

महात्मानः (mahātmānaḥ) - noble (great-souled, noble, magnanimous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, a great person

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'vānarāindrāḥ'.

वेलाम् (velām) - its shore/limit (shore, limit, boundary, edge)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of velā

velā - shore, limit, boundary, time, opportunity

Note: Object of implied 'transgresses' in the simile.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the simile.

महोदधिः (mahodadhiḥ) - the great ocean

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahodadhi

mahodadhi - the great ocean

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+udadhi)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• udadhi – ocean, sea (literally 'water holder')
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the simile.