वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-63, verse-22

अङ्गदं व्यथितं दृष्ट्वा सीदन्तमिव सागरे ।
दुरासदं हरिश्रेष्ठा राघवाय न्यवेदयन् ॥२२॥

22. aṅgadaṃ vyathitaṃ dṛṣṭvā sīdantamiva sāgare ,
durāsadaṃ hariśreṣṭhā rāghavāya nyavedayan.

22. aṅgadam vyathitam dṛṣṭvā sīdantam iva sāgare
durāsadam hariśreṣṭhāḥ rāghavāya nyavedayan

22. hariśreṣṭhāḥ aṅgadam vyathitam durāsadam sāgare
iva sīdantam dṛṣṭvā rāghavāya nyavedayan

22. Having seen Angada, who was wounded and formidable, sinking as if into the ocean, the chief monkeys reported [this situation] to Rāma.

Words meanings summery:

• अङ्गदम् (aṅgadam) - Angada

• व्यथितम् (vyathitam) - pained, wounded, agitated

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• सीदन्तम् (sīdantam) - sinking down, becoming powerless (sinking, becoming weak)

• इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

• सागरे (sāgare) - in the ocean, in the sea

• दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - formidable (even when wounded) (hard to approach, formidable, unassailable)

• हरिश्रेष्ठाः (hariśreṣṭhāḥ) - best of monkeys, chief monkeys

• राघवाय (rāghavāya) - to Rāma, for Rāma

• न्यवेदयन् (nyavedayan) - they reported [the situation] (they reported, they informed, they made known)

Words meanings and morphology

अङ्गदम् (aṅgadam) - Angada

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aṅgada

aṅgada - Angada (son of Vālī)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

व्यथितम् (vyathitam) - pained, wounded, agitated

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyathita

vyathita - pained, troubled, agitated

past passive participle

Derived from root 'vyath' + 'kta' suffix.

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'aṅgadam'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'dṛś' + 'ktvā' suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Governs 'aṅgadam'.

सीदन्तम् (sīdantam) - sinking down, becoming powerless (sinking, becoming weak)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sīdat

sīdat - sinking, becoming weak, perishing

present active participle

Derived from root 'sad' (to sink) + 'śatṛ' suffix.

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'aṅgadam'.

इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

(indeclinable)

सागरे (sāgare) - in the ocean, in the sea

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - ocean, sea

Note: Describes the context of sinking.

दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - formidable (even when wounded) (hard to approach, formidable, unassailable)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durāsada

durāsada - difficult to approach, hard to overcome, formidable, unassailable

Compound with prefix 'dur-' (difficult) and 'āsada' (reaching, assailing).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+āsada)

• dur – difficult, bad, ill
  prefix/indeclinable
• āsada – attaining, assailing, attack
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'ā' + 'sad' (to go, sit).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'aṅgadam'.

हरिश्रेष्ठाः (hariśreṣṭhāḥ) - best of monkeys, chief monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hariśreṣṭha

hariśreṣṭha - best of monkeys, chief of monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (hari+śreṣṭha)

• hari – monkey, lion, Viṣṇu
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Superlative of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).

Note: Subject of 'nyavedayan'.

राघवाय (rāghavāya) - to Rāma, for Rāma

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rāma

Derived from Raghu, referring to Rāma.

Note: Recipient of the report.

न्यवेदयन् (nyavedayan) - they reported [the situation] (they reported, they informed, they made known)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of niveday

imperfect active (laṅ)

3rd person plural, derived from 'ni' + 'vid' (to know), causative.

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 2)