वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-2, verse-54

चन्द्रो ऽपि साचिव्यमिवास्य कुर्वंस्तारागणैर्मध्यगतो विराजन् ।
ज्योत्स्नावितानेन वितत्य लोकमुत्तिष्ठते नैकसहस्ररश्मिः ॥५४॥

54. candro'pi sācivyamivāsya kurvaṃstārāgaṇairmadhyagato virājan ,
jyotsnāvitānena vitatya lokamuttiṣṭhate naikasahasraraśmiḥ.

54. candraḥ api sācivyam iva asya
kurvan tārāgaṇaiḥ madhyagataḥ
virājan jyotsnāvitānena vitatya
lokam uttiṣṭhate naikasahasraraśmiḥ

54. candraḥ api tārāgaṇaiḥ madhyagataḥ
virājan asya sācivyam iva
kurvan jyotsnāvitānena lokam
vitatya naikasahasraraśmiḥ uttiṣṭhate

54. The moon also, shining amidst the clusters of stars and as if rendering assistance to him (Rāvaṇa), rose, spreading its canopy of moonlight over the world with its many thousands of rays.

Words meanings summery:

• चन्द्रः (candraḥ) - the moon (moon)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even)

• साचिव्यम् (sācivyam) - assistance, service (assistance, service, office of a minister)

• इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, as)

• अस्य (asya) - of him (Rāvaṇa or the night) (of this, of him)

• कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing, rendering (doing, making)

• तारागणैः (tārāgaṇaiḥ) - by the clusters of stars (by clusters of stars, by hosts of stars)

• मध्यगतः (madhyagataḥ) - situated in the midst (of stars) (situated in the middle, in the midst)

• विराजन् (virājan) - shining brightly (shining, splendid, resplendent)

• ज्योत्स्नावितानेन (jyotsnāvitānena) - by its expanse of moonlight (by the expanse of moonlight, by the canopy of moonlight)

• वितत्य (vitatya) - having spread (its light) (having spread, having extended)

• लोकम् (lokam) - the world (world, region, people)

• उत्तिष्ठते (uttiṣṭhate) - rises (rises, stands up)

• नैकसहस्ररश्मिः (naikasahasraraśmiḥ) - the moon having many thousands of rays (having many thousands of rays, innumerable-rayed)

Words meanings and morphology

चन्द्रः (candraḥ) - the moon (moon)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of candra

candra - moon, lunar

अपि (api) - also (also, even)

(indeclinable)

साचिव्यम् (sācivyam) - assistance, service (assistance, service, office of a minister)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sācivya

sācivya - assistance, service, ministership

From `saciva` (minister) + `ya` suffix.

इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, as)

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of him (Rāvaṇa or the night) (of this, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa or the prevailing night.

कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing, rendering (doing, making)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kurvat

kṛ - to do, to make

Present Active Participle

Root `kṛ` (class 8) + `śatṛ` suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Participle modifying `candraḥ`.

तारागणैः (tārāgaṇaiḥ) - by the clusters of stars (by clusters of stars, by hosts of stars)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tārāgaṇa

tārāgaṇa - host of stars, cluster of stars

Compound: `tārā` (star) + `gaṇa` (group).

Compound type : tatpurusha (tārā+gaṇa)

• tārā – star
  noun (feminine)
• gaṇa – group, host, collection
  noun (masculine)

मध्यगतः (madhyagataḥ) - situated in the midst (of stars) (situated in the middle, in the midst)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhyagata

madhyagata - gone to the middle, situated in the midst

Compound with Past Passive Participle

Compound: `madhya` (middle) + `gata` (gone, attained).

Compound type : tatpurusha (madhya+gata)

• madhya – middle, center
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, reached, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `gam` (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies `candraḥ`.

विराजन् (virājan) - shining brightly (shining, splendid, resplendent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virājat

virāj - to shine, to be splendid

Present Active Participle

Root `rāj` (class 1) with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Participle modifying `candraḥ`.

ज्योत्स्नावितानेन (jyotsnāvitānena) - by its expanse of moonlight (by the expanse of moonlight, by the canopy of moonlight)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jyotsnāvitāna

jyotsnāvitāna - expanse of moonlight, canopy of moonlight

Compound: `jyotsnā` (moonlight) + `vitāna` (expanse, canopy).

Compound type : tatpurusha (jyotsnā+vitāna)

• jyotsnā – moonlight
  noun (feminine)
• vitāna – expanse, canopy, extended
  noun (neuter)

वितत्य (vitatya) - having spread (its light) (having spread, having extended)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root `tan` (class 8) with prefix `vi` + `lyap` suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: tan (class 8)

लोकम् (lokam) - the world (world, region, people)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

Note: Object of `vitatya`.

उत्तिष्ठते (uttiṣṭhate) - rises (rises, stands up)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of utthā

Present Indicative

Root `sthā` (class 1), Ātmanepada, with prefixes `ud` and `ati`.

Prefixes: ud+ati

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

नैकसहस्ररश्मिः (naikasahasraraśmiḥ) - the moon having many thousands of rays (having many thousands of rays, innumerable-rayed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naikasahasraraśmi

naikasahasraraśmi - having many thousands of rays

Compound adjective: `na` (not) + `eka` (one) = `naika` (many) + `sahasra` (thousand) + `raśmi` (ray).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (naika+sahasra+raśmi)

• naika – many, several, not one
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of `na` (not) and `eka` (one).
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)
• raśmi – ray, beam of light
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies `candraḥ`.