वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-2, verse-13

संततान् विविधैर्वृक्षैः सर्वर्तुफलपुष्पितैः ।
उद्यानानि च रम्याणि ददर्श कपिकुञ्जरः ॥१३॥

13. saṃtatān vividhairvṛkṣaiḥ sarvartuphalapuṣpitaiḥ ,
udyānāni ca ramyāṇi dadarśa kapikuñjaraḥ.

13. saṃtatān vividhaiḥ vṛkṣaiḥ sarvartuphalapuṣpitaiḥ
udyānāni ca ramyāṇi dadarśa kapikuñjaraḥ

13. kapikuñjaraḥ ca ramyāṇi udyānāni vividhaiḥ
sarvartuphalapuṣpitaiḥ vṛkṣaiḥ saṃtatān dadarśa

13. The foremost among monkeys (Hanuman) saw beautiful gardens, covered with various trees that bore fruits and flowers in all seasons.

Words meanings summery:

• संततान् (saṁtatān) - spread, covered, filled

• विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - by various, diverse, manifold

• वृक्षैः (vṛkṣaiḥ) - by trees

• सर्वर्तुफलपुष्पितैः (sarvartuphalapuṣpitaiḥ) - by those bearing fruits and flowers in all seasons

• उद्यानानि (udyānāni) - gardens

• च (ca) - and, also

• रम्याणि (ramyāṇi) - beautiful, delightful

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

• कपिकुञ्जरः (kapikuñjaraḥ) - Hanuman, the foremost among monkeys (the foremost among monkeys, the best of monkeys)

Words meanings and morphology

संततान् (saṁtatān) - spread, covered, filled

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saṃtata

saṁtata - spread, extended, continuous, covered, filled

Past Passive Participle

From verb root √tan (to stretch, extend) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Grammatically masculine plural accusative, but semantically describes the neuter plural 'udyānāni'.

विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - by various, diverse, manifold

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold, different

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Adjective for 'vṛkṣaiḥ'.

वृक्षैः (vṛkṣaiḥ) - by trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree, plant

सर्वर्तुफलपुष्पितैः (sarvartuphalapuṣpitaiḥ) - by those bearing fruits and flowers in all seasons

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarvartuphalapuṣpita

sarvartuphalapuṣpita - bearing fruits and flowers in all seasons

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sarva+ṛtu+phala+puṣpita)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• ṛtu – season, fixed time
  noun (masculine)
• phala – fruit, result, reward
  noun (neuter)
  Root: phal (class 1)
• puṣpita – flowered, blooming, having flowers
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'puṣpa' (flower) with 'ita' suffix, implying 'having flowers' or 'flowered'.
  Root: puṣp (class 10)

Note: Adjective for 'vṛkṣaiḥ'.

उद्यानानि (udyānāni) - gardens

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of udyāna

udyāna - garden, park

From 'ud' + 'yā' (to go) + 'ana' suffix.

Prefix: ud

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'dadarśa'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

रम्याणि (ramyāṇi) - beautiful, delightful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of ramya

ramya - beautiful, delightful, charming, pleasant

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

From root √ram (to enjoy, delight) with 'ya' suffix.

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Adjective for 'udyānāni'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect Tense (Liṭ)

Reduplicated perfect form of √dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb for 'kapikuñjaraḥ'.

कपिकुञ्जरः (kapikuñjaraḥ) - Hanuman, the foremost among monkeys (the foremost among monkeys, the best of monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapikuñjara

kapikuñjara - excellent monkey, foremost among monkeys (literally, elephant among monkeys)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (kapi+kuñjara)

• kapi – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kamp (class 1)
• kuñjara – elephant, chief, excellent (used metaphorically for 'foremost')
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'dadarśa'.