वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-2, verse-40

मयि दृष्टे तु रक्षोभी रामस्य विदितात्मनः ।
भवेद्व्यर्थमिदं कार्यं रावणानर्थमिच्छतः ॥४०॥

40. mayi dṛṣṭe tu rakṣobhī rāmasya viditātmanaḥ ,
bhavedvyarthamidaṃ kāryaṃ rāvaṇānarthamicchataḥ.

40. mayi dṛṣṭe tu rakṣobhiḥ rāmasya vidita-ātmanaḥ
bhavet vyartham idam kāryaṃ rāvaṇa-anartham icchataḥ

40. tu mayi dṛṣṭe rakṣobhiḥ rāvaṇa-anartham icchataḥ
vidita-ātmanaḥ rāmasya idam kāryaṃ vyartham bhavet

40. But if I were seen by the Rākṣasas, this mission for (Lord) Rāma, the wise (viditātman) one who desires Rāvaṇa's ruin, would become futile.

Words meanings summery:

• मयि (mayi) - if I (am seen), in my case (in me, on me, regarding me)

• दृष्टे (dṛṣṭe) - (if I am) seen (seen, observed, perceived)

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, however)

• रक्षोभिः (rakṣobhiḥ) - by the Rākṣasas (by the demons, by the Rākṣasas)

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of (Lord) Rāma (of Rāma)

• विदित-आत्मनः (vidita-ātmanaḥ) - of the wise (viditātman), renowned (of the known (ātman), whose true nature is known, wise)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - would become (it would be, it might become)

• व्यर्थम् (vyartham) - futile (futile, useless, in vain)

• इदम् (idam) - this (mission) (this, this one)

• कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - mission (task, undertaking, mission)

• रावण-अनर्थम् (rāvaṇa-anartham) - Rāvaṇa's ruin (misfortune of Rāvaṇa, harm to Rāvaṇa)

• इच्छतः (icchataḥ) - who desires (desiring, wishing, wanting)

Words meanings and morphology

मयि (mayi) - if I (am seen), in my case (in me, on me, regarding me)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

First person singular pronoun.

दृष्टे (dṛṣṭe) - (if I am) seen (seen, observed, perceived)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, beheld, perceived, manifest

Past Passive Participle

From root `dṛś` (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

रक्षोभिः (rakṣobhiḥ) - by the Rākṣasas (by the demons, by the Rākṣasas)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, Rākṣasa, evil spirit

`s` stem noun.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Agent in passive construction (`mayi dṛṣṭe`).

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of (Lord) Rāma (of Rāma)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Lord Rāma (a proper noun), pleasing, charming

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `kāryaṃ`.

विदित-आत्मनः (vidita-ātmanaḥ) - of the wise (viditātman), renowned (of the known (ātman), whose true nature is known, wise)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vidita-ātman

vidita-ātman - whose true self (ātman) is known, enlightened, wise, renowned

Compound adjective.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vidita+ātman)

• vidita – known, understood, perceived
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `vid` (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

भवेत् (bhavet) - would become (it would be, it might become)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative Mood, Parasmaipada

From root `bhū`.

Root: bhū (class 1)

व्यर्थम् (vyartham) - futile (futile, useless, in vain)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyartha

vyartha - useless, vain, unavailing, destitute of meaning

From `vi` + `artha`.

इदम् (idam) - this (mission) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Demonstrative pronoun.

कार्यं (kāryaṁ) - mission (task, undertaking, mission)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, duty, task, action, business

Gerundive

From root `kṛ`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

रावण-अनर्थम् (rāvaṇa-anartham) - Rāvaṇa's ruin (misfortune of Rāvaṇa, harm to Rāvaṇa)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa-anartha

rāvaṇa-anartha - misfortune of Rāvaṇa

Compound.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rāvaṇa+anartha)

• rāvaṇa – Rāvaṇa (proper noun)
  proper noun (masculine)
• anartha – misfortune, loss, harm
  noun (masculine)
  Negative prefix 'an' + 'artha'.

इच्छतः (icchataḥ) - who desires (desiring, wishing, wanting)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of icchat

icchat - desiring, wishing

Present Active Participle

From root `iṣ` (to wish, desire).

Root: iṣ (class 6)