वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-2, verse-37

भूताश्चार्थो विपद्यन्ते देशकालविरोधिताः ।
विक्लवं दूतमासाद्य तमः सूर्योदये यथा ॥३७॥

37. bhūtāścārtho vipadyante deśakālavirodhitāḥ ,
viklavaṃ dūtamāsādya tamaḥ sūryodaye yathā.

37. bhūtāḥ ca arthāḥ vipadyante deśa-kāla-virodhitāḥ
viklavaṃ dūtam āsādya tamaḥ sūrya-udaye yathā

37. bhūtāḥ arthāḥ deśa-kāla-virodhitāḥ vipadyante ca
viklavaṃ dūtam āsādya tamaḥ sūrya-udaye yathā

37. Even accomplished matters are ruined if they are contrary to the proper place and time, or if one relies on a bewildered messenger, just as darkness disappears at sunrise.

Words meanings summery:

• भूताः (bhūtāḥ) - accomplished (matters) (accomplished, existing, past)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• अर्थाः (arthāḥ) - objectives, matters (purposes, matters, objectives, wealth)

• विपद्यन्ते (vipadyante) - are ruined (they perish, they are ruined)

• देश-काल-विरोधिताः (deśa-kāla-virodhitāḥ) - contrary to the proper place and time (opposed to place and time, contrary to space and time)

• विक्लवं (viklavaṁ) - bewildered (messenger) (bewildered, agitated, confused, distressed)

• दूतम् (dūtam) - messenger (messenger, envoy)

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - by employing (having obtained, having reached, having resorted to)

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness

• सूर्य-उदये (sūrya-udaye) - at sunrise

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, according to)

Words meanings and morphology

भूताः (bhūtāḥ) - accomplished (matters) (accomplished, existing, past)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhūta

bhūta - existing, become, past, being, creature

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `bhū`

Root: bhū (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अर्थाः (arthāḥ) - objectives, matters (purposes, matters, objectives, wealth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of artha

artha - purpose, object, meaning, wealth, matter

विपद्यन्ते (vipadyante) - are ruined (they perish, they are ruined)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vipad

Present Tense, Ātmanepada

Derived from root `pad` with prefix `vi`.

Prefix: vi

Root: pad (class 4)

देश-काल-विरोधिताः (deśa-kāla-virodhitāḥ) - contrary to the proper place and time (opposed to place and time, contrary to space and time)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deśa-kāla-virodhita

deśa-kāla-virodhita - opposed to place and time

Compound adjective.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deśa+kāla+virodhita)

• deśa – place, region
  noun (masculine)
• kāla – time, season
  noun (masculine)
• virodhita – opposed, obstructed, hindered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `rudh` with prefix `vi` and suffix `ita`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: rudh (class 7)

विक्लवं (viklavaṁ) - bewildered (messenger) (bewildered, agitated, confused, distressed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viklava

viklava - agitated, perplexed, bewildered, distressed

From `vi` + `klava` (languish).

दूतम् (dūtam) - messenger (messenger, envoy)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dūta

dūta - messenger, envoy, ambassador

From root `dū` (to trouble, burn, suffer).

Root: dū (class 9)

Note: Object of `āsādya`.

आसाद्य (āsādya) - by employing (having obtained, having reached, having resorted to)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

From root `sad` with prefix `ā`.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom

Root: tam (class 4)

सूर्य-उदये (sūrya-udaye) - at sunrise

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sūrya-udaya

sūrya-udaya - sunrise, rising of the sun

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūrya+udaya)

• sūrya – sun
  noun (masculine)
• udaya – rising, ascent, prosperity
  noun (masculine)
  From root `i` with prefix `ud`.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: i (class 2)

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, according to)

(indeclinable)