वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-2, verse-53

स पाण्डुरोद्विद्धविमानमालिनीं महार्हजाम्बूनदजालतोरणाम् ।
यशस्विनां रावणबाहुपालितां क्षपाचरैर्भीमबलैः समावृताम् ॥५३॥

53. sa pāṇḍurodviddhavimānamālinīṃ mahārhajāmbūnadajālatoraṇām ,
yaśasvināṃ rāvaṇabāhupālitāṃ kṣapācarairbhīmabalaiḥ samāvṛtām.

53. saḥ pāṇḍurodviddhavimānamālinīm
mahārha-jāmbūnada-jāla-toraṇām
yaśasvinām rāvaṇa-bāhu-pālitām
kṣapācaraiḥ bhīmabalaiḥ samāvṛtām

53. saḥ pāṇḍurodviddhavimānamālinīm
mahārha-jāmbūnada-jāla-toraṇām
yaśasvinām rāvaṇa-bāhu-pālitām
kṣapācaraiḥ bhīmabalaiḥ samāvṛtām

53. He (Hanuman) saw that [city], garlanded with white, towering palaces, having arched gateways of precious golden lattice-work, protected by the arms of the glorious Rāvaṇa, and surrounded by night-roaming rākṣasas of formidable strength.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (Hanuman) (he, that)

• पाण्डुरोद्विद्धविमानमालिनीम् (pāṇḍurodviddhavimānamālinīm) - the city garlanded with white, towering palaces (garlanded with white, towering palaces)

• महार्ह-जाम्बूनद-जाल-तोरणाम् (mahārha-jāmbūnada-jāla-toraṇām) - the city having arched gateways of precious golden lattice-work (having arched gateways of precious golden lattice-work)

• यशस्विनाम् (yaśasvinām) - of the glorious (Rāvaṇa and his kin) (of the glorious, of the famous)

• रावण-बाहु-पालिताम् (rāvaṇa-bāhu-pālitām) - the city protected by the mighty arms of Rāvaṇa (protected by Rāvaṇa's arms)

• क्षपाचरैः (kṣapācaraiḥ) - by the rākṣasas (demons) (by night-wanderers, by rākṣasas)

• भीमबलैः (bhīmabalaiḥ) - by the rākṣasas of formidable strength (by those of formidable strength)

• समावृताम् (samāvṛtām) - the city surrounded (by rākṣasas) (surrounded, enveloped)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (Hanuman) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, referring to Hanuman (implied from context).

पाण्डुरोद्विद्धविमानमालिनीम् (pāṇḍurodviddhavimānamālinīm) - the city garlanded with white, towering palaces (garlanded with white, towering palaces)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāṇḍurodviddhavimānamālinī

pāṇḍurodviddhavimānamālinī - garlanded with white, towering palaces

Compound adjective

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāṇḍura+udviddha+vimāna+mālinī)

• pāṇḍura – white, pale
  adjective (masculine)
• udviddha – raised, high, prominent
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `vyadh` (to pierce, strike) with `ud` prefix.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vyadh (class 4)
• vimāna – palace, celestial car, aerial chariot
  noun (neuter)
• mālinī – garlanded, adorned with garlands (feminine)
  adjective (feminine)
  From `mālā` (garland) + `ini` suffix, then feminine `ī`.

Note: Compound adjective modifying an implied feminine noun like 'Laṅkām'.

महार्ह-जाम्बूनद-जाल-तोरणाम् (mahārha-jāmbūnada-jāla-toraṇām) - the city having arched gateways of precious golden lattice-work (having arched gateways of precious golden lattice-work)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahārha-jāmbūnada-jāla-toraṇā

mahārha-jāmbūnada-jāla-toraṇā - having arched gateways of precious golden lattice-work

Compound adjective

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahārha+jāmbūnada+jāla+toraṇa)

• mahārha – very valuable, precious, costly
  adjective (masculine)
• jāmbūnada – gold (from the Jambu river)
  noun (neuter)
• jāla – net, lattice, web
  noun (neuter)
• toraṇa – arched gateway, arch
  noun (neuter)

Note: Compound adjective modifying an implied feminine noun like 'Laṅkām'.

यशस्विनाम् (yaśasvinām) - of the glorious (Rāvaṇa and his kin) (of the glorious, of the famous)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - glorious, famous, renowned

From `yaśas` (fame) + `vin` suffix.

Note: Refers to powerful beings like Rāvaṇa.

रावण-बाहु-पालिताम् (rāvaṇa-bāhu-pālitām) - the city protected by the mighty arms of Rāvaṇa (protected by Rāvaṇa's arms)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rāvaṇa-bāhu-pālitā

rāvaṇa-bāhu-pālitā - protected by Rāvaṇa's arms

Compound adjective

Compound type : tatpurusha (rāvaṇa+bāhu+pālita)

• rāvaṇa – Rāvaṇa (proper noun)
  proper noun (masculine)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)
• pālita – protected, guarded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `pāl` (to protect).
  Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Compound adjective modifying an implied feminine noun like 'Laṅkām'.

क्षपाचरैः (kṣapācaraiḥ) - by the rākṣasas (demons) (by night-wanderers, by rākṣasas)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kṣapācara

kṣapācara - night-wanderer, demon, rākṣasa

Compound: `kṣapā` (night) + `cara` (wanderer)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣapā+cara)

• kṣapā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – wanderer, going, moving
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root `car` (to move, wander)
  Root: car (class 1)

भीमबलैः (bhīmabalaiḥ) - by the rākṣasas of formidable strength (by those of formidable strength)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhīmabala

bhīmabala - of terrible strength, formidable in might

Compound adjective

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+bala)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `bhī` (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective agreeing with `kṣapācaraiḥ`.

समावृताम् (samāvṛtām) - the city surrounded (by rākṣasas) (surrounded, enveloped)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of samāvṛtā

samāvṛta - surrounded, covered, enveloped

Past Passive Participle

From root `vṛ` (to cover) with prefixes `sam` and `ā`.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Participle used as an adjective, modifying an implied feminine noun like 'Laṅkām'.