वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-2, verse-23

द्वारमुत्तरमासाद्य चिन्तयामास वानरः ।
कैलासशिखरप्रख्यमालिखन्तमिवाम्बरम् ।
ध्रियमाणमिवाकाशमुच्छ्रितैर्भवनोत्तमैः ॥२३॥

23. dvāramuttaramāsādya cintayāmāsa vānaraḥ ,
kailāsaśikharaprakhyamālikhantamivāmbaram ,
dhriyamāṇamivākāśamucchritairbhavanottamaiḥ.

23. dvāram uttaram āsādya cintayāmāsa
vānaraḥ kailāsaśikharaprakhyam
ālikhantam iva ambaram dhriyamāṇam iva
ākāśam ucchritaiḥ bhavanottamaiḥ

23. vānaraḥ uttaram dvāram āsādya
cintayāmāsa kailāsaśikharaprakhyam
ambaram iva ālikhantam ucchritaiḥ
bhavanottamaiḥ ākāśam iva dhriyamāṇam

23. Having approached the northern gate, the monkey (vānara) pondered. The city's structures resembled the peak of Kailāsa, as if scraping the sky, and the sky itself appeared to be supported by the lofty, excellent buildings.

Words meanings summery:

• द्वारम् (dvāram) - the gate (of the city) (the gate, door)

• उत्तरम् (uttaram) - northern (northern, upper, later, excellent)

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached (the gate) (having reached, having approached, having obtained)

• चिन्तयामास (cintayāmāsa) - (Hanuman) thought (he thought, he pondered)

• वानरः (vānaraḥ) - Hanuman, the monkey (monkey)

• कैलासशिखरप्रख्यम् (kailāsaśikharaprakhyam) - the structures of the city resembling the Kailasa peak (resembling the peak of Kailasa)

• आलिखन्तम् (ālikhantam) - (as if) scraping (the sky) (scraping, touching (present active participle))

• इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, similar to)

• अम्बरम् (ambaram) - the sky (sky, atmosphere, garment)

• ध्रियमाणम् (dhriyamāṇam) - (the sky) being supported (being held, being supported)

• इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, similar to)

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - the sky (sky, space)

• उच्छ्रितैः (ucchritaiḥ) - by lofty (buildings) (by high-rising, by lofty (masculine/neuter instrumental plural))

• भवनोत्तमैः (bhavanottamaiḥ) - by excellent buildings

Words meanings and morphology

द्वारम् (dvāram) - the gate (of the city) (the gate, door)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dvāra

dvāra - gate, door, entrance

Note: Object of 'āsādya'.

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - northern (northern, upper, later, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - northern, upper, later, superior, excellent

Note: Qualifies 'dvāram'.

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached (the gate) (having reached, having approached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √sad (to sit, go) with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Modifies the action of 'cintayāmāsa'.

चिन्तयामास (cintayāmāsa) - (Hanuman) thought (he thought, he pondered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of cint

Periphrastic Perfect

Formed with the auxiliary verb kṛ (to do)

Root: cint (class 10)

Note: The verb for 'vānaraḥ'.

वानरः (vānaraḥ) - Hanuman, the monkey (monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

कैलासशिखरप्रख्यम् (kailāsaśikharaprakhyam) - the structures of the city resembling the Kailasa peak (resembling the peak of Kailasa)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kailāsaśikharaprakhya

kailāsaśikharaprakhya - resembling the peak of Kailasa mountain

Tatpuruṣa compound (śikharasya prakhyaḥ) then Bahuvrīhi (kailāsaśikhara-prakhya)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kailāsa+śikhara+prakhya)

• kailāsa – Kailasa mountain (a sacred mountain)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śikhara – peak, summit
  noun (neuter)
• prakhya – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies an implied masculine object, e.g., 'prākāram' or 'durgham'.

आलिखन्तम् (ālikhantam) - (as if) scraping (the sky) (scraping, touching (present active participle))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ālikhat

ālikhat - scraping, touching, writing

Present Active Participle

From root √likh (to write, scratch) with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: likh (class 6)

इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, similar to)

(indeclinable)

अम्बरम् (ambaram) - the sky (sky, atmosphere, garment)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ambara

ambara - sky, atmosphere, cloth, garment

ध्रियमाणम् (dhriyamāṇam) - (the sky) being supported (being held, being supported)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhriyamāṇa

dhriyamāṇa - being held, being supported, being borne

Present Passive Participle

From root √dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, similar to)

(indeclinable)

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - the sky (sky, space)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, space, ether

Root: kāś (class 1)

उच्छ्रितैः (ucchritaiḥ) - by lofty (buildings) (by high-rising, by lofty (masculine/neuter instrumental plural))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ucchrita

ucchrita - raised, elevated, high, lofty

Past Passive Participle

From root √śri (to resort to, lean upon) with upasarga ud-

Prefix: ud

Root: śri (class 1)

भवनोत्तमैः (bhavanottamaiḥ) - by excellent buildings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhavanottama

bhavanottama - excellent building, best among buildings

Tatpuruṣa compound (uttamaṁ bhavanam or bhavaneṣu uttamam)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhavana+uttama)

• bhavana – dwelling, house, building
  noun (neuter)
• uttama – best, excellent, highest
  adjective (neuter)