वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-29, verse-8

पुष्पितांश्चासनान्दृष्ट्वा काञ्चनानिव निर्मलान् ।
कथं स रमते बाला पश्यन्ती मामपश्यती ॥८॥

8. puṣpitāṃścāsanāndṛṣṭvā kāñcanāniva nirmalān ,
kathaṃ sa ramate bālā paśyantī māmapaśyatī.

8. puṣpitān ca āsanān dṛṣṭvā kāñcanān iva nirmalān
katham sā ramate bālā paśyantī mām apaśyatī

8. ca puṣpitān nirmalān kāñcanān iva āsanān dṛṣṭvā
paśyantī mām apaśyatī sā bālā katham ramate

8. And having seen the blooming āśana trees, as pure as gold, how can that young woman delight, she who sees (all this beauty) yet does not see me?

Words meanings summery:

• पुष्पितान् (puṣpitān) - blooming, flowered, in blossom

• च (ca) - and, also

• आसनान् (āsanān) - āśana trees, pīyāla trees

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• काञ्चनान् (kāñcanān) - golden, made of gold

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• निर्मलान् (nirmalān) - pure, spotless, clean

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• सा (sā) - she (feminine)

• रमते (ramate) - she delights, she enjoys

• बाला (bālā) - young woman, girl

• पश्यन्ती (paśyantī) - seeing (all this beauty) (seeing, looking)

• माम् (mām) - me (accusative)

• अपश्यती (apaśyatī) - not seeing me (not seeing, unseeing)

Words meanings and morphology

पुष्पितान् (puṣpitān) - blooming, flowered, in blossom

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of puṣpita

puṣpita - blooming, flowered, having flowers

Past Passive Participle

From root √puṣ (to nourish, to bloom) + kta suffix, masculine accusative plural

Root: puṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'āsanān'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आसनान् (āsanān) - āśana trees, pīyāla trees

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āśana

āśana - āśana tree (Pterocarpus marsupium)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √dṛś (to see) + ktvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

काञ्चनान् (kāñcanān) - golden, made of gold

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kāñcana

kāñcana - golden, made of gold

From 'kañcana' (gold) + aṇ suffix, masculine accusative plural

Note: Qualifies 'āsanān'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

Note: Used for comparison.

निर्मलान् (nirmalān) - pure, spotless, clean

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nirmala

nirmala - pure, spotless, clean

From nir- (without) + mala (dirt), masculine accusative plural

Note: Qualifies 'āsanān'.

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb

Note: Interrogative particle.

सा (sā) - she (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it (demonstrative/personal pronoun)

Feminine nominative singular. In Devanagari, 'sā' can appear as 'sa' before a voiced consonant (e.g., 'r').

रमते (ramate) - she delights, she enjoys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ram

Present Indicative

3rd person singular, present tense, middle voice, from root √ram

Root: ram (class 1)

बाला (bālā) - young woman, girl

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bālā

bālā - young woman, girl

Feminine form of 'bāla' (young, child), nominative singular

Note: Subject of the question.

पश्यन्ती (paśyantī) - seeing (all this beauty) (seeing, looking)

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, looking, observing (present active participle)

Present Active Participle

Feminine nominative singular of 'paśyat', from root √dṛś (to see) + śatṛ suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I (first person pronoun)

Accusative singular of 'aham'

अपश्यती (apaśyatī) - not seeing me (not seeing, unseeing)

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of apaśyat

apaśyat - not seeing, unseeing (present active participle)

Present Active Participle (negative)

Feminine nominative singular of 'apaśyat', from a- (negation) + root √dṛś (to see) + śatṛ suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)