वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-29, verse-45

वर्षासमयकालं तु प्रतिज्ञाय हरीश्वरः ।
व्यतीतांश्चतुरो मासान् विहरन्नावबुध्यते ॥४५॥

45. varṣāsamayakālaṃ tu pratijñāya harīśvaraḥ ,
vyatītāṃścaturo māsān viharannāvabudhyate.

45. varṣāsamayakālam tu pratijñāya harīśvaraḥ
vyatītān caturaḥ māsān viharan na avabudhyate

45. harīśvaraḥ varṣāsamayakālam tu pratijñāya
viharan vyatītān caturaḥ māsān na avabudhyate

45. Although the lord of the monkeys (Sugrīva) had vowed to act after the rainy season, he is now enjoying himself, and does not even realize that four months have passed.

Words meanings summery:

• वर्षासमयकालम् (varṣāsamayakālam) - the time of the rainy season

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, and

• प्रतिज्ञाय (pratijñāya) - having promised, having vowed

• हरीश्वरः (harīśvaraḥ) - Sugrīva, the king of the Vanaras (lord of monkeys)

• व्यतीतान् (vyatītān) - elapsed, passed

• चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

• मासान् (māsān) - months

• विहरन् (viharan) - roaming, enjoying

• न (na) - not

• अवबुध्यते (avabudhyate) - he perceives, he realizes

Words meanings and morphology

वर्षासमयकालम् (varṣāsamayakālam) - the time of the rainy season

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of varṣāsamayakāla

varṣāsamayakāla - the time of the rainy season

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṣā+samaya+kāla)

• varṣā – rain, rainy season
  noun (feminine)
• samaya – time, season, convention
  noun (masculine)
• kāla – time, death
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, and

(indeclinable)

प्रतिज्ञाय (pratijñāya) - having promised, having vowed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root jñā with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

हरीश्वरः (harīśvaraḥ) - Sugrīva, the king of the Vanaras (lord of monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harīśvara

harīśvara - lord of monkeys

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+īśvara)

• hari – monkey, tawny, Vishnu
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, god
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Sugrīva.

व्यतीतान् (vyatītān) - elapsed, passed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vyatīta

vyatīta - passed, elapsed, gone by

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root i with prefixes vi and ati

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'māsān'.

चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'māsān'.

मासान् (māsān) - months

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of māsa

māsa - month

Note: Object of 'avabudhyate'.

विहरन् (viharan) - roaming, enjoying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīharat

vīharat - roaming, enjoying, playing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root hṛ with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'harīśvaraḥ'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates 'avabudhyate'.

अवबुध्यते (avabudhyate) - he perceives, he realizes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, ātmanepada, present (lat) of avabudh

Derived from root budh with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: budh (class 1)