वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-29, verse-38

अर्थिनामुपपन्नानां पूर्वं चाप्युपकारिणाम् ।
आशां संश्रुत्य यो हन्ति स लोके पुरुषाधमः ॥३८॥

38. arthināmupapannānāṃ pūrvaṃ cāpyupakāriṇām ,
āśāṃ saṃśrutya yo hanti sa loke puruṣādhamaḥ.

38. arthinām upapannānām pūrvam ca api upakāriṇām
āśām saṃśrutya yaḥ hanti saḥ loke puruṣādhamaḥ

38. yaḥ arthinām upapannānām pūrvam api upakāriṇām
ca āśām saṃśrutya hanti saḥ loke puruṣādhamaḥ

38. In this world, the one who, after having heard the pleas of those seeking help who have come to him, and also of those who were formerly benefactors, then destroys their hope, he is the lowest of persons (puruṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• अर्थिनाम् (arthinām) - of those seeking help, of petitioners

• उपपन्नानाम् (upapannānām) - of those who have come, of those who have approached

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• उपकारिणाम् (upakāriṇām) - of benefactors, of those who have rendered help

• आशाम् (āśām) - hope, expectation, desire

• संश्रुत्य (saṁśrutya) - having heard, having promised

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

• हन्ति (hanti) - kills, destroys, frustrates

• सः (saḥ) - he

• लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

• पुरुषाधमः (puruṣādhamaḥ) - lowest of men, ignoble person

Words meanings and morphology

अर्थिनाम् (arthinām) - of those seeking help, of petitioners

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of arthin

arthin - petitioner, supplicant, suitor, one seeking an object/purpose

उपपन्नानाम् (upapannānām) - of those who have come, of those who have approached

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of upapanna

upapanna - approached, arrived, accomplished, suitable

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `pad` with upasarga `upa`.

Prefix: upa

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'arthinām'.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

उपकारिणाम् (upakāriṇām) - of benefactors, of those who have rendered help

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of upakārin

upakārin - benefactor, helper, obliging

Agent noun

Derived from `upa-kṛ` (to help, benefit).

Prefix: upa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

आशाम् (āśām) - hope, expectation, desire

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āśā

āśā - hope, expectation, desire, direction

संश्रुत्य (saṁśrutya) - having heard, having promised

(indeclinable)

Prefix: sam

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form.

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

हन्ति (hanti) - kills, destroys, frustrates

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Third person singular present tense, active voice.

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun for 'yaḥ'.

लोके (loke) - in the world, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, realm

पुरुषाधमः (puruṣādhamaḥ) - lowest of men, ignoble person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣādhama

puruṣādhama - lowest of men, vilest person

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+adhama)

• puruṣa – person, man, male
  noun (masculine)
• adhama – lowest, inferior, base, vile
  adjective (masculine)