वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-29, verse-15

तं चिन्तया दुःसहया परीतं विसंज्ञमेकं विजने मनस्वी ।
भ्रातुर्विषादात् परितापदीनः समीक्ष्य सौमित्रिरुवाच रामम् ॥१५॥

15. taṃ cintayā duḥsahayā parītaṃ visaṃjñamekaṃ vijane manasvī ,
bhrāturviṣādāt paritāpadīnaḥ samīkṣya saumitriruvāca rāmam.

15. tam cintayā duḥsahayā parītam visaṃjñam ekam vijane manasvī
bhrātuḥ viṣādāt paritāpadīnaḥ samīkṣya saumitriḥ uvāca rāmam

15. manasvī saumitriḥ bhrātuḥ viṣādāt paritāpadīnaḥ vijane ekam
visaṃjñam duḥsahayā cintayā parītam tam samīkṣya rāmam uvāca

15. The noble-minded (manasvī) Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa), distressed and weakened by his brother's despair (viṣāda), having observed him (Rāma) in a solitary place (vijane), alone and unconscious, completely overcome by unbearable anxiety, then spoke to Rāma.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Rāma) (him)

• चिन्तया (cintayā) - by anxiety, by thought, by worry

• दुःसहया (duḥsahayā) - by unbearable, by difficult to endure

• परीतम् (parītam) - surrounded, overcome, afflicted

• विसंज्ञम् (visaṁjñam) - unconscious, senseless, bewildered

• एकम् (ekam) - one, alone, solitary

• विजने (vijane) - in a solitary place, in solitude

• मनस्वी (manasvī) - noble-minded, high-spirited, wise, intelligent

• भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - from his brother's (of the brother, from the brother)

• विषादात् (viṣādāt) - from despair, from sorrow, from dejection

• परितापदीनः (paritāpadīnaḥ) - distressed by anguish, miserable from suffering

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed, having perceived

• सौमित्रिः (saumitriḥ) - Saumitri (son of Sumitrā), Lakṣmaṇa

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• रामम् (rāmam) - to Rāma

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Rāma) (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

चिन्तया (cintayā) - by anxiety, by thought, by worry

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of cintā

cintā - thought, anxiety, worry, reflection

From root 'cit' (to perceive, to think).

Root: cit (class 10)

दुःसहया (duḥsahayā) - by unbearable, by difficult to endure

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of duḥsaha

duḥsaha - unbearable, difficult to endure, hard to overcome

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+saha)

• dus – bad, ill, difficult, hard (prefix)
  indeclinable
• saha – bearing, enduring, powerful
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'sah' (to bear, to endure).
  Root: sah (class 1)

परीतम् (parītam) - surrounded, overcome, afflicted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parīta

parīta - surrounded, encompassed, overcome, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'i' (to go) with the prefix 'pari' (around, completely).

Prefix: pari

Root: i (class 2)

विसंज्ञम् (visaṁjñam) - unconscious, senseless, bewildered

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of visaṃjña

visaṁjña - unconscious, senseless, without consciousness or understanding

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+saṃjñā)

• vi – apart, without, away (privative prefix)
  prefix
• saṃjñā – consciousness, understanding, notion, name
  noun (feminine)

एकम् (ekam) - one, alone, solitary

(numeral)

विजने (vijane) - in a solitary place, in solitude

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vijana

vijana - solitary, desolate, without people, lonely place

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+jana)

• vi – apart, without (privative prefix)
  prefix
• jana – person, people
  noun (masculine)

मनस्वी (manasvī) - noble-minded, high-spirited, wise, intelligent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manasvin

manasvin - noble-minded, high-spirited, intelligent, wise, self-possessed

From 'manas' (mind, spirit) with the possessive suffix '-vin'.

भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - from his brother's (of the brother, from the brother)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Also form for genitive singular.

विषादात् (viṣādāt) - from despair, from sorrow, from dejection

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of viṣāda

viṣāda - despair, sorrow, dejection, sadness

From root 'sad' (to sink, to sit) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

परितापदीनः (paritāpadīnaḥ) - distressed by anguish, miserable from suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paritāpadīna

paritāpadīna - distressed by anguish, miserable from suffering

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paritāpa+dīna)

• paritāpa – anguish, suffering, distress, heat
  noun (masculine)
• dīna – distressed, miserable, sad, poor
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dī' (to fade, to decay).
  Root: dī (class 4)

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form.

सौमित्रिः (saumitriḥ) - Saumitri (son of Sumitrā), Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saumitri

saumitri - Saumitri (an epithet for Lakṣmaṇa, son of Sumitrā)

Patronymic from 'Sumitrā'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

रामम् (rāmam) - to Rāma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa)