वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-29, verse-25

जलगर्भा महावेगाः कुटजार्जुनगन्धिनः ।
चरित्वा विरताः सौम्य वृष्टिवाताः समुद्यताः ॥२५॥

25. jalagarbhā mahāvegāḥ kuṭajārjunagandhinaḥ ,
caritvā viratāḥ saumya vṛṣṭivātāḥ samudyatāḥ.

25. jalagarbhāḥ mahāvegāḥ kuṭajārjunagandhinaḥ
caritvā viratāḥ saumya vṛṣṭivātāḥ samudyatāḥ

25. saumya jalagarbhāḥ mahāvegāḥ kuṭajārjunagandhinaḥ
vṛṣṭivātāḥ samudyatāḥ caritvā viratāḥ

25. O gentle one, the rain-bearing winds, which were filled with water, extremely swift, and fragrant with the kutaja and arjuna trees, having arisen vigorously and blown, have now subsided.

Words meanings summery:

• जलगर्भाः (jalagarbhāḥ) - filled with water (describing the rain-winds) (filled with water, water-pregnant)

• महावेगाः (mahāvegāḥ) - very swift (describing the rain-winds) (of great speed, very swift)

• कुटजार्जुनगन्धिनः (kuṭajārjunagandhinaḥ) - fragrant with the kutaja and arjuna trees (describing the rain-winds) (fragrant with kutaja and arjuna (trees))

• चरित्वा (caritvā) - having blown (referring to the winds) (having moved, having walked, having blown)

• विरताः (viratāḥ) - have subsided/ceased (describing the winds) (ceased, stopped, abstained)

• सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one (referring to Lakṣmaṇa, implied by context in Rāmāyaṇa) (O gentle one, O tranquil one, O auspicious one)

• वृष्टिवाताः (vṛṣṭivātāḥ) - the winds that bring rain (rain-winds, winds bringing rain)

• समुद्यताः (samudyatāḥ) - having arisen vigorously (describing the winds) (arisen, prepared, vigorous)

Words meanings and morphology

जलगर्भाः (jalagarbhāḥ) - filled with water (describing the rain-winds) (filled with water, water-pregnant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jalagarbha

jalagarbha - filled with water, water-pregnant (as a cloud)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jala+garbha)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• garbha – womb, interior, embryo, core
  noun (masculine)

महावेगाः (mahāvegāḥ) - very swift (describing the rain-winds) (of great speed, very swift)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāvega

mahāvega - great speed, very swift, impetuous

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+vega)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• vega – speed, velocity, impulse, force
  noun (masculine)

कुटजार्जुनगन्धिनः (kuṭajārjunagandhinaḥ) - fragrant with the kutaja and arjuna trees (describing the rain-winds) (fragrant with kutaja and arjuna (trees))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuṭajārjunagandhin

kuṭajārjunagandhin - fragrant with the smell of kutaja and arjuna trees

possesses the gandha of kutaja and arjuna

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kuṭajārjuna+gandhin)

• kuṭajārjuna – kutaja and arjuna (trees)
  noun (masculine)
• gandhin – fragrant, smelling of
  adjective
  suffix -in indicating possession

चरित्वा (caritvā) - having blown (referring to the winds) (having moved, having walked, having blown)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root "car" with suffix "ktvā"

Root: car (class 1)

विरताः (viratāḥ) - have subsided/ceased (describing the winds) (ceased, stopped, abstained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of virata

virata - ceased, stopped, abstained from, desisted, inactive

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root "ram" with prefix "vi"

Prefix: vi

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: functions as an adjective here, implying 'they have ceased'

सौम्य (saumya) - O gentle one (referring to Lakṣmaṇa, implied by context in Rāmāyaṇa) (O gentle one, O tranquil one, O auspicious one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saumya

saumya - gentle, tranquil, auspicious, mild, relating to the moon

derived from soma (moon, gentleness)

वृष्टिवाताः (vṛṣṭivātāḥ) - the winds that bring rain (rain-winds, winds bringing rain)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛṣṭivāta

vṛṣṭivāta - rain-wind, wind bringing rain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛṣṭi+vāta)

• vṛṣṭi – rain, shower
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā (class 2)

समुद्यताः (samudyatāḥ) - having arisen vigorously (describing the winds) (arisen, prepared, vigorous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samudyata

samudyata - arisen, risen, prepared, strenuous, vigorous

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root "yam" with prefixes "sam" and "ud"

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: functions as an adjective here