वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-29, verse-13

एवमादि नरश्रेष्ठो विललाप नृपात्मजः ।
विहंग इव सारङ्गः सलिलं त्रिदशेश्वरात् ॥१३॥

13. evamādi naraśreṣṭho vilalāpa nṛpātmajaḥ ,
vihaṃga iva sāraṅgaḥ salilaṃ tridaśeśvarāt.

13. evamādi naraśreṣṭhaḥ vilalāpa nṛpātmajaḥ
vihaṅgaḥ iva sāraṅgaḥ salilam tridaśeśvarāt

13. nṛpātmajaḥ naraśreṣṭhaḥ evamādi vilalāpa
sāraṅgaḥ vihaṅgaḥ iva tridaśeśvarāt salilam

13. Thus lamented the best among men, the son of the king, just as a cātaka bird (sāraṅgaḥ) longs for water from the lord of the gods (Indra).

Words meanings summery:

• एवमादि (evamādi) - in this manner (referring to the preceding lamentation) (thus, in this manner, and so on, such)

• नरश्रेष्ठः (naraśreṣṭhaḥ) - the best of men, foremost among men

• विललाप (vilalāpa) - he lamented, he cried aloud, he wailed

• नृपात्मजः (nṛpātmajaḥ) - the king's son, prince

• विहङ्गः (vihaṅgaḥ) - bird

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• सारङ्गः (sāraṅgaḥ) - cātaka bird (a mythical bird said to drink only rainwater, implying longing) (cātaka bird, deer, antelope, elephant)

• सलिलम् (salilam) - water

• त्रिदशेश्वरात् (tridaśeśvarāt) - from the lord of the gods, from Indra

Words meanings and morphology

एवमादि (evamādi) - in this manner (referring to the preceding lamentation) (thus, in this manner, and so on, such)

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'evam' (thus) and 'ādi' (beginning, etc.). Functions adverbially.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (evam+ādi)

• evam – thus, in this way, so
  indeclinable
• ādi – beginning, and so on, etc.
  noun (masculine)

नरश्रेष्ठः (naraśreṣṭhaḥ) - the best of men, foremost among men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha

naraśreṣṭha - best of men, foremost among men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+śreṣṭha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, pre-eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree from 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).

विललाप (vilalāpa) - he lamented, he cried aloud, he wailed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vilap

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

नृपात्मजः (nṛpātmajaḥ) - the king's son, prince

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpātmaja

nṛpātmaja - king's son, prince

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+ātmaja)

• nṛpa – king (lit. 'protector of men')
  noun (masculine)
  From 'nṛ' (man) + 'pa' (protector, from root 'pā' to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)
• ātmaja – son (lit. 'born from oneself')
  noun (masculine)
  From 'ātman' (self) + 'ja' (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

विहङ्गः (vihaṅgaḥ) - bird

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihaṅga

vihaṅga - bird (lit. 'going in the sky')

From 'vi' (sky, bird) and 'gam' (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

सारङ्गः (sāraṅgaḥ) - cātaka bird (a mythical bird said to drink only rainwater, implying longing) (cātaka bird, deer, antelope, elephant)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāraṅga

sāraṅga - cātaka bird, deer, antelope, elephant, spotted, variegated

सलिलम् (salilam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of salila

salila - water

त्रिदशेश्वरात् (tridaśeśvarāt) - from the lord of the gods, from Indra

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tridaśeśvara

tridaśeśvara - lord of the gods (Indra)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tridaśa+īśvara)

• tridaśa – god (lit. 'thirty', referring to the thirty-three gods)
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'īś' (to rule) + 'vara' suffix.
  Root: īś (class 2)