वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-29, verse-52

स पूर्वजं तीव्रविवृद्धकोपं लालप्यमानं प्रसमीक्ष्य दीनम् ।
चकार तीव्रां मतिमुग्रतेजा हरीश्वरमानववंशनाथः ॥५२॥

52. sa pūrvajaṃ tīvravivṛddhakopaṃ lālapyamānaṃ prasamīkṣya dīnam ,
cakāra tīvrāṃ matimugratejā harīśvaramānavavaṃśanāthaḥ.

52. sa pūrvajam tīvra-vivṛddha-kopam
lālapyamānam prasamīkṣya dīnam
| cakāra tīvrām matim ugra-tejāḥ
hari-īśvara-mānava-vaṃśa-nāthaḥ

52. saḥ ugra-tejāḥ hari-īśvara-mānava-vaṃśa-nāthaḥ,
tīvra-vivṛddha-kopam dīnam lālapyamānam pūrvajam prasāmīkṣya,
tīvrām matim cakāra

52. That one, the fiercely radiant (ugratejāḥ) lord of the monkey-human lineage (harīśvaramānavavaṃśanāthaḥ), having carefully observed (prasamīkṣya) his elder brother (pūrvajam), who was lamenting (lālapyamānam) piteously (dīnam) with intensely growing anger (tīvravivṛddhakopam), made a strong resolve (tīvrāṃ matim cakāra).

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (referring to Sugriva) (that, he)

• पूर्वजम् (pūrvajam) - his elder brother (Vali) (elder brother, ancestor, one born before)

• तीव्र-विवृद्ध-कोपम् (tīvra-vivṛddha-kopam) - whose anger was fiercely aroused/intensified (with intensely growing anger)

• लालप्यमानम् (lālapyamānam) - lamenting, crying out (lamenting, repeatedly wailing)

• प्रसमीक्ष्य (prasamīkṣya) - having carefully observed (having seen well, having observed carefully)

• दीनम् (dīnam) - piteously, in distress (pitiful, distressed, wretched, sorrowful)

• चकार (cakāra) - he made, he formed (he made, he did, he performed)

• तीव्राम् (tīvrām) - strong, firm (strong, fierce, intense)

• मतिम् (matim) - a resolve, a decision (mind, thought, intention, resolve, decision)

• उग्र-तेजाः (ugra-tejāḥ) - whose energy/brilliance was fierce (fiercely radiant, of fierce energy)

• हरि-ईश्वर-मानव-वंश-नाथः (hari-īśvara-mānava-vaṁśa-nāthaḥ) - lord of the lineage of monkeys, rulers, and humans (lord of the monkey, god and human lineage)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (referring to Sugriva) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

पूर्वजम् (pūrvajam) - his elder brother (Vali) (elder brother, ancestor, one born before)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pūrvaja

pūrvaja - elder brother, ancestor, born before, former, primeval

Compound 'pūrva' (before) + 'ja' (born).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pūrva+ja)

• pūrva – former, prior, earlier, eastern, ancient
  adjective (masculine)
• ja – born, produced, caused by, arising from
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root
  From root 'jan' (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Vali, the elder brother of Sugriva.

तीव्र-विवृद्ध-कोपम् (tīvra-vivṛddha-kopam) - whose anger was fiercely aroused/intensified (with intensely growing anger)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tīvravivṛddhakopa

tīvravivṛddhakopa - having fiercely increased anger, whose anger was intensely grown

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'tīvra' (fierce) + 'vivṛddha' (grown) + 'kopa' (anger).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tīvra+vivṛddha+kopa)

• tīvra – fierce, intense, strong, sharp, hot
  adjective (masculine)
• vivṛddha – increased, grown, augmented, developed, extensive
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'vṛdh' (to grow) with prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)
• kopa – anger, wrath, fury, passion, resentment
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kup' (to be angry).
  Root: kup (class 4)

लालप्यमानम् (lālapyamānam) - lamenting, crying out (lamenting, repeatedly wailing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lālapyamāna

lālapyamāna - repeatedly lamenting, wailing, crying aloud, complaining

Present Participle (Intensive/Frequentative, Atmanepada)

Intensive (Yaṅ) formation of 'lap' (to speak, lament).

Root: lap (class 1)

प्रसमीक्ष्य (prasamīkṣya) - having carefully observed (having seen well, having observed carefully)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Formed from 'īkṣ' (to see) with prefixes 'pra' + 'sam'.

Prefixes: pra+sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

दीनम् (dīnam) - piteously, in distress (pitiful, distressed, wretched, sorrowful)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - distressed, sorrowful, wretched, sad, poor, humble

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dī' (to perish, pine).

Root: dī (class 4)

चकार (cakāra) - he made, he formed (he made, he did, he performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect Tense, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Reduplicated Perfect (Liṭ) form.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तीव्राम् (tīvrām) - strong, firm (strong, fierce, intense)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tīvra

tīvra - strong, fierce, intense, sharp, hot

मतिम् (matim) - a resolve, a decision (mind, thought, intention, resolve, decision)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - mind, thought, intellect, opinion, resolve, intention, understanding

From root 'man' (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

उग्र-तेजाः (ugra-tejāḥ) - whose energy/brilliance was fierce (fiercely radiant, of fierce energy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ugratejas

ugratejas - of fierce energy, terrible in power, vehemently splendid, intensely brilliant

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'ugra' (fierce) + 'tejas' (radiance, energy).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ugra+tejas)

• ugra – fierce, terrible, violent, potent, cruel
  adjective (masculine)
• tejas – radiance, brilliance, energy, vigor, spiritual power, sharp edge
  noun (neuter)

हरि-ईश्वर-मानव-वंश-नाथः (hari-īśvara-mānava-vaṁśa-nāthaḥ) - lord of the lineage of monkeys, rulers, and humans (lord of the monkey, god and human lineage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harīśvaramānavavaṃśanātha

harīśvaramānavavaṁśanātha - lord of the lineage of monkeys, gods, and humans; lord of the monkey-human lineage

Tatpurusha compound: 'hari' (monkey/god) + 'īśvara' (lord) + 'mānava' (human) + 'vaṃśa' (lineage) + 'nātha' (master/lord).

Compound type : tatpurusha (hari+īśvara+mānava+vaṃśa+nātha)

• hari – monkey, tawny, Vishnu, Indra, lion, horse
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god, Shiva
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)
• mānava – human, man, descendant of Manu, mankind
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'manu' (man, progenitor of mankind).
• vaṃśa – lineage, family, race, bamboo, backbone
  noun (masculine)
• nātha – lord, master, protector, husband, refuge
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nāth (class 1)