वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-29, verse-31

इयं सा प्रथमा यात्रा पार्थिवानां नृपात्मज ।
न च पश्यामि सुग्रीवमुद्योगं वा तथाविधम् ॥३१॥

31. iyaṃ sā prathamā yātrā pārthivānāṃ nṛpātmaja ,
na ca paśyāmi sugrīvamudyogaṃ vā tathāvidham.

31. iyam sā prathamā yātrā pārthivānām nṛpātmaja
na ca paśyāmi sugrīvam udyogam vā tathāvidham

31. nṛpātmaja iyam sā prathamā yātrā pārthivānām
ca na paśyāmi sugrīvam vā tathāvidham udyogam

31. O son of a king, this indeed is the primary campaign of kings, yet I see neither Sugrīva nor such an endeavor.

Words meanings summery:

• इयम् (iyam) - this

• सा (sā) - she, that

• प्रथमा (prathamā) - first, primary

• यात्रा (yātrā) - journey, expedition, campaign

• पार्थिवानाम् (pārthivānām) - of kings, of princes

• नृपात्मज (nṛpātmaja) - O son of a king

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva (name of a monkey king)

• उद्योगम् (udyogam) - effort, exertion, enterprise

• वा (vā) - or

• तथाविधम् (tathāvidham) - such, of that kind

Words meanings and morphology

इयम् (iyam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to yātrā.

सा (sā) - she, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to yātrā.

प्रथमा (prathamā) - first, primary

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, principal

Ordinal number.

Note: Agrees with yātrā.

यात्रा (yātrā) - journey, expedition, campaign

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yātrā

yātrā - journey, procession, expedition, campaign, livelihood

From root √yā (to go) + suffix -trā.

Root: yā (class 2)

पार्थिवानाम् (pārthivānām) - of kings, of princes

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal, king, prince

From pṛthivī (earth) + aṇ (taddhita suffix), meaning 'belonging to the earth' or 'lord of the earth'.

Note: Possessive 'of kings'.

नृपात्मज (nṛpātmaja) - O son of a king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpātmaja

nṛpātmaja - son of a king, prince

Compound of nṛpa (king) + ātmaja (son).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+ātmaja)

• nṛpa – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From nṛ (man) + √pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)
• ātmaja – son, self-born
  noun (masculine)
  From ātman (self) + √jan (to be born) + a.
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Addressed to a prince.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

Note: Negates paśyāmi.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects the two clauses.

पश्यामि (paśyāmi) - I see, I behold

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present stem 'paśya' formed from root √dṛś.

Conjugated in the present tense, first person singular.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugrīva (name of a monkey king)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (proper noun, name of the king of Vanaras)

Compound of su (good) + grīva (neck), meaning 'having a beautiful neck'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix/indeclinable indicating 'good' or 'well'.
• grīva – neck
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of paśyāmi.

उद्योगम् (udyogam) - effort, exertion, enterprise

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udyoga

udyoga - exertion, effort, enterprise, preparation

From prefix ud- + root √yuj (to join) + suffix -ghaň.

Prefix: ud

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Object of paśyāmi.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects sugrīvam and udyogam.

तथाविधम् (tathāvidham) - such, of that kind

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tathāvidha

tathāvidha - of that kind, such, similar

Compound of tathā (so, thus) + vidha (kind, sort).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tathā+vidha)

• tathā – so, thus, in that manner
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dhā (to place) with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with udyogam.